有氧舞蹈對停經後婦女骨量不足者健康體適能及生活品質之影響

The Effects of Aerobic Dance on Physical Fitness and Quality of Life among Elder with Postmenopausal Women Osteopenia

辛筱琪(Hsiao-Chi Hsin)

指導教授 ： 林晉榮

國立中正大學/教育學院/運動與休閒教育研究所/碩士(2015年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討有氧舞蹈訓練對停經後婦女骨量不足者之健康體適能與生活品質之影響，並進一步了解個人背景變項在健康體適能和生活品質之間的關係。受試對象經嘉義縣某醫院家醫科診斷為骨量不足患者，計有95位。本研究以準實驗法將受試者分為實驗組46名和對照組49名，進行12週訓練，每週3次，每次60分鐘之有氧舞蹈訓練，兩組於實驗前後皆進行健康體適能檢測和SF-36生活品質問卷填答。所得資料以描述性統計、單因子變異數分析、相依樣本t檢定、線性迴歸分析等方法進行統計分析。茲將本研究結果發現說明如下:
一、 探討停經後婦女骨量不足患者在不同背景變項之健康體適能和生活品質之情況：教育程度為高中/高職以上所佔比例最高，為33.7%。在職業方面無職業組別所佔比例最高，為62.1%。睡眠時間部分5-7小時組所佔比例最高，為佔63.2%。
二、 探討停經後婦女骨量不足患者在實施12週有氧舞蹈訓練之健康體適能和生活品質之差異：
(一) 停經後婦女骨量不足患者教育程度對於健康體適能(心肺耐力)有顯著差異，顯示教育程度越高者，擁有較佳的健康體適能(心肺耐力)；在不同年齡組別中46-57歲組(最年輕組)在握力及反應時間項目有顯著差異，顯示女性會隨著年紀增長導致反應時間、肌力衰退較為明顯；睡眠時間組別中以「5至7時睡眠」及「7小時以上睡眠」二組在生活品質中生理功能部分有顯著差異，亦即睡眠高於5小時以上者有較佳的生活品質。
(二) 停經後婦女骨量不足患者在實施12週有氧舞蹈訓練後，實驗組前後測階段其健康體適能之身體組成、握力、反應時間表現最佳；在生活品質部分角色生理、身體疼痛、一般健康得分表現最佳，同時提升面向皆為生理層面，表示12週有氧舞蹈訓練後可有效改善生活品質之生理層面部分。
(三)探討停經後婦女骨量不足患者在實施12週有氧舞蹈訓練之健康體適能和生活品質之間的關係：由健康體適能狀況(BMI、登階測驗、仰臥起坐、握力、反應時間、平衡力、柔軟度)可得知生活品質的生理面向、心理面向部分並無其預測力。

關鍵字

生活品質 ； 健康體適能 ； 有氧舞蹈 ； 骨量不足

並列摘要

This study was explored the effects of aerobic dancing training on physical fitness and quality of life for postmenopausal women with osteopenia and further explored the correlations of demographic variables between health-related physical fitness and the quality of life. The ninety-five subjects were recruited by diagnosing osteopenia on division of family medicine of one-hospital, Chai-Yi County. The study was used quasi-experiment and the subjects were divided by 46 female in experimental group and 49 female in contrast group, which was trained 12 weeks, three times per week and 60 minutes per time on aerobic dancing training. The subjects had participated pre/post examine including physical fitness and filled SF-36 questionnaire. The data was analyzed by the statistics frequencies, one-way ANOVA, paired t-test, linear regression analysis. The results were found as following:
1. Explored the situations of the demographic of physical fitness and quality of life for the postmenopausal women with osteopenia : there was 33.7% higher portion on upper senior high school of education levels, 62.1% was no vocation, sleeping time on 5-7 hours got 63.2%.
2. Explored the differences of physical fitness and quality of life on 12 weeks aerobic dancing training for the postmenopausal women with osteopenia :
(a) There was a significant difference among education levels of the postmenopausal women with osteopenia on physical fitness-cardiovascular fitness, which the higher education levels could get better health-related physical fitness (cardiovascular endurance); grip strength and reaction time on the age group of 46-57 years old had a significant difference, which showed female could decrease the reaction time and muscle strength following on getting old. Sleeping time group including “5-7 hours” and “7 hour more” had significant differences, which above 5 hours sleeping time could get better quality of life.
(b) Explored the differences of physical fitness and quality of life on 12 weeks aerobic dancing training for the postmenopausal women with osteopenia : the post-test of physical fitness examination got better performance than the pre-test on body composition, grip strength, reaction time. On the parts of quality of life, the role of physical, body pain, general health got better points. Meanwhile, promoting the physiology functions, which showed 12 weeks aerobic training could get the benefit of exercise.
(c) Explored the correlations of physical fitness and quality of life on 12 weeks aerobic dancing training for the postmenopausal women with osteopenia: there was no power of prediction between health-related physical fitness (BMI, step test, sit up, grip strength, balance ability, flexibility) and the quality of life (domains of physical and mental).

並列關鍵字

Osteopenia ； Physical Fitness ； Aerobic Dance ； Quality of Life

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