一位優秀足球教練之領導行為

The leadership behaviors of an elite soccer coach

吳啟明(Chi-Ming Wu)

指導教授 ： 曾沈連魁

國立中正大學/教育學院/運動與休閒教育研究所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本研究目的在探討臺灣一位優秀足球教練的領導行為。個案為持有亞洲C級和國家A級足球教練的李教練，其多年在帶領國小、國中、高中，國內外各項足球賽事，皆有優異成績表現。採個案研究法，以多元領導模式，以半結構式訪談、文件分析及參與觀察等蒐集資料，將所得資料進行編碼，持續歸納、比較及分析。結果發現，個案的教練領導行為包括訓練與指導行為、民主行為、專制行為、關懷行為、鼓勵行為等，其訓練與指導行為的內涵包括指導原則、訓練方法、個別指導等概念；民主行為的內涵包括溝通平台、反省思考、公平態度等概念；專制行為包括球隊管理、生活管理、訓練要求等概念；關懷行為包含生活照顧、心理輔導、課業輔導、升學輔導等概念；獎勵行為包括精神上的鼓勵、物質上的獎勵等概念。本研究發現個案教練領導行為的影響因素包括個人因素、選手因素、學校因素、家長因素、社會因素等。本研究發現個案教練在國小階段以專制行為為主，以訓練與指導行為為輔；國中階段以民主行為為主，以鼓勵行為為輔；高中階段需要以民主行為為主，以關懷行為為輔。另外，強調每次訓練都要設定明確目標，訓練熱身時著重趣味化方式，訓練過程中多鼓勵選手。

關鍵字

體育教學 ； 運動教育 ； 運動心理 ； 運動訓練

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explore the leadership behavior of an elite soccer coach. The case of this study is coach Lee who hold Asian Football Confederation C-License (AFC-C) and Chinese Taipei Football Confederation A-License (CTFA-A). Coach Lee has lots of successful leadership experiences for elementary, high school and international matches. This study adopts the case study and base on multi-leadership model to use semi-structured interview, document analysis and participant observation. Data was analyzed by coding, inductive reasoning, comparing. The result showed the leadership behavior of Lee includes the concepts of training and teaching behavior, democratic behavior, autocratic behavior, caring behavior and encourage behavior etc. The training and teaching behavior includes the concepts of guidelines, training methods, individual teaching; The democratic behavior includes the concepts of communication platform, reflective thinking and attitude of fair. The autocratic behavior includes the concepts team management, life management, training request. The caring behavior includes the concepts of life care, counseling, tutoring, career guidance. The encourage behavior includes the concept of mental encouragement and material reward. In addition, The factors which will influence Lee’s leader behavior include the concepts of personal , player, school, parents and society. As for the level differences of an elite soccer coach includes the importance of leadership behavior of elementary, junior high and senior high school coach. The results of the study found that leadership behavior of an elite soccer coach rely mainly on autocratic behavior while training and teaching behavior subsidiary in elementary school: rely mainly on democratic behavior while encourage behavior subsidiary in senior high school and rely mainly on democratic behavior while caring behavior. Making warming-up be more fun, aiming the goal on every time training and encouraging player in the training.

並列關鍵字

sports education ； ,sports psychology ； sports training ； physical education

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