多角化策略與企業成長關係之研究-以台灣食品產業為例

Exploring the Relationships among Diversification Strategies and Business Growth: The Case of the Food Industry in Taiwan

林宗德(TSUNG-TE LIN)

指導教授 ： 林玟廷

國立中正大學/管理學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

食品產業是民生必需產業，亦是高度競爭產業，近年來高品質食品需求持續增加，台灣食品企業為增加核心競爭力，透過相關多角化策略積極開拓新市場亦或與食品事業密切相關的新事業以期達成企業成長之目標。食品企業亦透過非相關多角化策略，跨足非食品本業之投資，增加企業運作彈性進而帶動企業成長。集團企業與獨立公司差別在於其憑藉集團資源發展非相關多角化策略帶動企業成長。
本研究透過國內、外文獻探討及實際個案訪談後，進行資料分析歸納。研究結果發現：(1)食品企業進行相關多角化策略主要是環境壓力，並非主動追求企業成長；(2)食品企業組織結構追隨是多角化成長策略，並非策略追隨組織結構；(3)食品企業進行非相關多角化策略是主動追求企業成長，並非環境壓力；(4)食品公司從事非相關多角化，同樣組織結構追隨策略，且以成立獨立公司改變組織結構；(5)食品公司非相關多角化事業與本業資源互動關係，主要是人力資源的協助；(6)食品公司非相關多角化事業績效表現優於本業，其條件是具備利基市場；(7)集團企業隸屬公司相較獨立公司，因集團資源非相關多角化事業績效表現較佳。期望透過本研究彙整之成果，能對企業在成長過程與從事多角化策略上提供實務的貢獻與參考。

關鍵字

相關多角化 ； 非相關多角化 ； 企業成長 ； 集團企業

並列摘要

Food industry is essential for people’s livelihood, and it is also a highly competitive industry. One managerial response to increased demand of high food quality in recent years is strategic diversification. In order to boost core competence, strategic diversification allows food enterprises to exploit new markets or related business to achieve corporate goals. Also, food enterprises implement unrelated diversification to enhance business growth. The difference between business groups and independent legal enterprises is that business groups are able to develop unrelated business with abundant resources inside groups.
This study intends to explore case study and literature review at home and abroad, and the findings are as follows.
First, the main reason why food enterprises implement related diversification is to respond to the pressure from environment changes, not to pursue business growth. Second, the structures of food enterprises follow strategic diversification. Third, the reason why food enterprises implement unrelated diversification is to pursue business growth, not to respond to the pressure from environment. Fourth, food enterprises tend to establish individual legal corporates to change structure and implement unrelated diversification. Fifth, the interaction between original and unrelated business is assisted by human resources. Sixth, the performance of unrelated business is better than original business at niche market. Finally, with internal resources, the business group member firms perform better than individual firms in unrelated business. With mentioned above, the result of this research could provide implications for strategic diversification and practical efforts.

並列關鍵字

related diversification ； unrelated diversification ； business growth ； business groups

參考文獻

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統一企業股份有限公司2014年年報。

佳格食品股份有限公司2004年年報。

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謝存瑞、鍾憲瑞、羅萱，2010。規模、集團隸屬與擴張積極性。中山管理評論，第18卷第3期：837-861。