屏東地區母乳中p,p’-DDT 與p,p’-DDE殘量之分析研究

Residual levels of p,p’-DDT and p,p’-DDE in breast milk from Pingtung area

李家德(Jia-De Lee)

指導教授 ： 趙浩然

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2009.00125

摘要

本研究目的探討母乳中p,p’-DDT和p,p’-DDE的殘餘量及其相關因子之探討。此外，也以飲食問卷來獲取每位受試者飲食的習慣。最後藉由統計方法分析，來分析母乳中DDTs的含量與嬰幼兒及母親生理特徵、生活習慣以及飲食習慣的關聯性。本研究DDE/DDT比值58.5高。由此可知，在台灣生活的居民，其體內之DDT大部分已轉換為主要的代謝產物 DDE，而且沒有持續的受到嚴重且特別的污染。並且與已開發國家相當遠低於開發中國家，母親的月經週期與DDTs的殘留量呈負相關(r=-0.470, p=0.024)，嬰兒的出生參數與母乳DDTs殘留量無關，有機蔬菜的食用與DDTs的殘留量呈現正相關(r=0.387, p=0.024)。是否常吃有機蔬菜與母乳中DDTs的濃度有逐步線性迴歸關係，y=22.2x+34.8，校正後的解釋係數是0.255，顯著性是0.007。新生兒頭圍與母乳中DDTs有三次迴歸關係，y=-0.0000147x3+0.003x2-0.145x+ 35.031，解釋係數為0.381，顯著性是0.041。在目前台灣地區哺乳人口數及意願相當低，依此研究數值顯如所示，在台灣DDTs母乳中之殘留值，遠低於世衛建議值。結論中，發現孕齡婦女在懷孕時期，若有較高的有機食材攝取量，可能會提高媽媽體內的DDTs值。研究顯示台灣地區的母乳有較低的DDTs含量，對於鼓勵哺育母乳的政策，同時也為了下一代的健康，應持續進行監測及分析。

關鍵字

滴滴梯 ； 滴滴依 ； 滴滴梯及其衍生物 ； 母乳 ； 屏東

並列摘要

The aim of the present study was to determine residues of DDTs (p,p’-DDT and p,p’-DDE) in breast milk investigated in Pingtung area between March 2007 and November 2007. Breast milk was collected within the first month after delivery. Residues of DDT and DDE were analyzed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometer (GC/MS) with electron impact mode for 24 breast milk samples. Our participants with healthy outcome were randomly selected from two hospitals in Pingtung and were answered the detailed questionnaire. The questionnaire is including women’s age, socioeconomic states, occupational and non-occupational exposure, reproductive history, reproduction, life styles, smoking and dietary habits, alcohol consumption, and medical and pregnancy history. The measurements of women’s demographic parameters included height, pre-pregnant body mass index (BMI), and infants’ birth outcomes (birth length, birth weight, gestational week). The correlations and differences of DDTs in breast milk and associated factors were examined by the statistical tests with SPSS 12.0 software.
A mean level of DDTs was 84.4 ng/g lipid with a standard deviation of 24.4 ng/g lipid. Residues of DDTs in breast milk from Pingtung area were comparable to those described in the developed countries, and significantly lower compared to the developing countries. Time trends of decline in DDTs from Taiwanese mothers were found between 1983 and 2007. Maternal menstrual cycle was negatively correlated with DDTs residues (r=-0.470, p=0.024). Birth outcomes of the offspring had no significant correlations with milk levels of DDTs. The consumption of organic vegetation was significantly associated with increased DDTs in brest milk (r=0.387, p=0.024). The consumption of organic vegetation could predict DDTs levels in breast milk by stepwise linear regression (y=22.2x+34.8, adjusted R2=0.255, p=0.007). The relationship between infants’ head circumference and DDTs in breast milk had a cubic regression model (y=-0.0000147x3+0.003x2-0.145x+35.031), R2=0.381, p=0.041). Based on our present results to show low levels of DDTs in breast milk in Taiwan, Department of Health should continuously encourage the policy of breastfeeding for the next generation.

並列關鍵字

DDT ； DDE ； DDTs ； breast milk ； Pingtung

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