不同施肥推薦量下玉米幼苗在蛇紋石土壤中之重金屬吸收量

Assessment of heavy metal uptake by corn seeding on serpentine soil amended with different chemical fertilizers

李明芳(Ming-Fang Lee)

指導教授 ： 許正一

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2009.00142

摘要

蛇紋岩係屬超基性岩類，風化後之土壤特徵為:(1)Ca/Mg值偏低比值< 1，土壤肥力低，如N、P、K等有效性濃度不足現象；(2)風化後有高量的重金屬，如Ni、Cr、Mg、Fe、Mn和Co等；(3)蛇紋石在風化過程中，礦物中的石綿纖維可能會釋放到環境中，而危害生態環境與人體健康等。本論文利用台灣東部海岸山脈富里之無毛山(Wm1、Wm2)、台東市之石頭山(St3、St4)、及池上鄉銅安山(Ta2、Ta3、Ta4)三個地區之7個土壤，以玉米(Zea mays L.)幼苗盆栽試驗施以不同化學肥料(分別為空白、0.5倍、1倍及2倍施肥推薦處理），探討蛇紋岩土壤的重金屬(鐵、錳、鉻、鎳、鈷)溶出特性及其玉米吸收量。研究結果顯示，在各種施肥處理下，玉米幼苗隨著生長天數的增加，地上部鐵、錳及鎳濃度有愈來愈高的趨勢。另外，玉米地上部之鐵、錳、鎳及鉻總量(mg/plant)會隨玉米植體產量增加而提高，其中以鐵的相關性最高，其次為鎳、鈷及錳。土壤重金屬DTPA萃取量與玉米幼苗地上部之重金屬濃度及地上部絕對吸收量則無明顯之關聯性。

關鍵字

蛇紋岩 ； Ca/Mg值 ； 重金屬 ； DTPA萃取量 ； 絕對吸收量

並列摘要

Serpentinite is one of ultramafic rocks. The serpentinitic soils are characterized as following: (1) Ca/Mg < 1.0, soils fertility is relatively low, such as low availability of N, P and K and unbalance in nutrition, (2) lithiogenic enrichment of heavy metals like Ni, Cr, Mg, Fe, and Co, (3) talc fiber derived from serpentinitic rocks is easily released into the environment to cause the damage of ecological and human health. In this study, three serpentinitic areas having a total of seven soils, in Coastal Range of eastern Taiwan. They are (Wm1 and Wm2), (St3 and St4) , and (Ta2, Ta3, and Ta4). The aims of this study are apply DTPA extraction and pot experiments (amended with different chemical fertilizers) to explore the soils characteristics, and heavy metals, to assess their effect grow on the serpentine soil in the shoot of plant and to accumulate heavy metals. Results show that the amended with different chemical fertilizers in the corn seedling on the different growth number of days relations of the heavy metal concentration, The corn will be longer along with the growth time causes hard, in the shoot of corn were uptake more concentrations of Fe, Mn and Ni. Between the concentrations in shoot of corn and the dry weigh, Fe, Mn and Ni(mg/plant) were increase with the growth time, between the concentration (mg/plant) of Fe have good correlation. next respectively is Ni, Co and Mn. No significant correlation between DTPA extraction of heavy metals and the concentrations of heavy metals in corn absolute absorption capability.

並列關鍵字

Serpentine ； Ca/Mg ratio ； heavy metals ； DTPA extraction ； Absolute

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