民宿場所火災模擬分析

Fire Simulation Analysis of Minshuku Building

盧有能(Lu-Yu Neng)

指導教授 ： 葉一隆 教授

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/土木工程系所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2009.00217

摘要

本文利用火災模擬軟體FDS（Fire Dynamics Simulator）模擬民宿場所發生火災之不同情境，以改變主火源位置及通風狀況，分析火場溫度、煙流情形、一氧化碳、氧氣、能見度等參數之分佈及探測器感知時間，進而利用模擬結果來分析各火場情境之關聯性比較。此外，由分析的結果可提供民宿之消防安全及火災搶救對策研擬參考。
由模擬結果可知：情境一之客廳酒櫃起火與情境二之客房三床墊起火皆循火災成長模式進行燃燒，而情境三之客廳酒櫃起火則因前、後門及客房門關閉，缺乏空氣補充而處在初期燃燒階段。在溫度、一氧化碳及氧氣等參數變化，情境一達危險值較快，煙層流動與能見度以情境三較快，情境二次之，情境一最慢。在火災搶救方面，火災初期時段可藉防火管理員工自衛消防組編實施初期滅火及避難引導工作，消防單位介入時機經評估為中、大火時期，需同時實施人命救助、濃煙排出、撲滅火焰以降低溫度，同時控管水源等戰術才能搶救人命及降低財物損失。故此研究結果可提供民宿之消防安全在訂定政策或修法上之參考。

關鍵字

民宿 ； 火災模擬 ； 消防安全 ； 火災搶救

並列摘要

This study used fire simulation software FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) to model the occurrence of fire in home stay with different scenarios. When fire start position and ventilation were in different conditions the detector percipience time and parameters including temperature in fire region, smoke flame conditions, concentrations of carbon monoxide and oxygen, and visibility were analyzed. The analyzed results were compared and may provide the reference for owner of home stay for the fire security and the fire salvage countermeasure.
The results showed that scenario 1 the fire were occurred in wine chest in living room and scenario 2 the fire was occurred in three mattresses in guest room both conditions followed the fire growth pattern to carry on the combustion. Scenario 3 the fire occurred in wine chest in living room because the front and back door of stay home and guest room door were closed the lacks air to supplement that the fire was occurred in the initial burning period. As consideration of the change of temperature, carbon monoxide and oxygen, the scenario 1 had the short time to reaches the dangerous condition. As consideration of the smoke steam flowing and visibility the scenario 3 was the fast, following was scenario 2 and the slowest was scenario 1 to reach dangerous condition. In the fire salvage aspect, the staff of home stay need lay out to implement fire fighting and to guide guests seeking asylum in the fire initial period. However, the timing for the fire unit involvement was during middle and large fire period. The fire fighters need to implement human life rescue, discharge smoke stream, suppress the flame to reduce temperature, and controls water source simultaneously that are able to rescue the human life and to reduce the belongings loss. Therefore, the results may provide the reference in schedules the policy or repairs in the law for home stay.

並列關鍵字

Home stay ； Fire simulation ； Fire safety ； Fire salvage

參考文獻

27.王瑞昌（2008）獨立式住宅設置消防安全設備之可行性分析。國立屏東科技大學土木工程系碩士論文，91頁。

71.林俊良（2006）大里民宅火場熱流場模式數值模擬。元智大學機械工程學系碩士論文，271頁。

70.張文政（2006）桃園縣中壢大同路民宅火災模擬。元智大學機械工程學系碩士論文，195頁。

4.張彩芸（2002）海外連線看民宿。東海岸評論雜誌社，第167期，第14-17頁。

77.沈子勝（2004）核電廠火災安全評估之研究。中央警察大學，127頁。