- 學位論文
高濃度有機酸工業廢水生物處理法的研究
Research of biological treatment upon high concentrations organic acid industrial effluent
摘要
台灣南部某石油化學工廠產出之高濃度有機酸工業廢水量為50 CMD，廢水之COD介於 18000-20000 mg/L之間，而pH值約為1.0-2.0，主要含有順-丁烯二酸、反-丁烯二酸、丁醇、酜酸、酜酸丁酯、酜酸二丁酯、與重沸物(大約80%的順-丁烯二酸及TAR(焦油)等，每日產出COD約950 kg。目前該廠之廢水主要利用總容積400 m3之好氧活性污泥池、一部30HP、一部25HP之曝氣鼓風機及50 m3之終沉池以及砂濾槽等設備輔以中和調勻來加以處理。由於原活性污泥池容積之限制，目前僅能處理約40 CMD及10000 mg/L COD之廢水，每日所處理之COD約400 kg，且排放至工業區污水處理場之放流水之COD小於200 mg/L；但是原好氧活性污泥系統操作並不十分穩定，平常其餘廢水就必須送至焚化爐處理而當現有好氧活性污泥處理系統發生異常時更增加燃燒重油之處理費用，因此希望在原廢水處理系統之穩定操作條件下，再提升好氧活性污泥的COD去除率，並在好氧活性污泥處理系統之前增設厭氧生物處理設備先降低廢水之COD，可以將全部廢水引入生物處理系統中，以降低營運成本。 因為廢水為含有丁醇、酜酸、酜酸丁酯、酜酸二丁酯之高濃度有機酸以致厭氧生物污泥無法立即適應這樣的環境，因此先在100 L具有三相分離堰之試驗槽作厭氧生物之培養及測試操作條件，先將廢水的COD至少去除60%後，進入好氧活性污泥池進行剩餘COD之去除，並以極易大量取得之養豬場畜牧廢水厭氧活性污泥為菌種將COD 18000 mg/L，pH 6.5-7.2的工廠廢水直接調配測試。結果一開始COD的去除率僅有7.45%，因此改變調配方式，從低濃度培養起則有明顯改善並逐漸提高COD去除率，可是瓶頸卻出現在調配廢水COD上限5700 mg/L，去除率71%即無法再提升並且去除率有迅速下降惡化的情況發生，經過全面更換厭氧生物污泥菌種並降低厭氧生物污泥的負荷再逐步調升廢水調配濃度及添加適量營養元素以增加厭氧生物之適應能力，最後100公升試驗槽可以達到穩定操作廢水COD為12000 mg/L，pH 6.5-7.5調配測試COD去除率70-90%。
並列摘要
The wastewater amount of one petrochemistry factory is 50 CMD, COD of the wastewater lies between 18000-20000 mg/L, and pH value is about 1.0-2.0, it contain mainly maleic acid, fumaric acid, butanol, phthalic acid, di-butyl phthalate ester, etc. high concentration organic acid and heavy material, heavy material among about 80% obey mainly maleic acid, fumaric acid, butanol, phthalic acid, di-butyl phthalate ester, tar, etc., and output COD invites 950 kg every day. The wastewater active aerobic sludge reactor of this factory total volume is 400 m3 with 55 HP air blower, and 50 m3 clarifier poor at present, and the sand filter such equipment as the trough, and complements and mixes well with neutralization to concern. The limitations volume of the original active sludge pool only deal with the waste water of 40 CMD and 10000 mg/L COD at present, and COD dealt with invites 400 kg every day, and discharge water COD is less than 200 mg/L. Other wastewater must be sent and dealt with to the incinerator but increase fuel oil consumption, and thus this research purpose aims at improving and dealing with equipment the way existing,and add an anaerobic biological sludge tank before the original wastewater treatments system, to remove 60% of COD from the wastewater at least. Furthermore, the exceed wastewater entered the active sludge pool of aerobic treatment system and carried on surplus COD were got rid of.hope to bring all waste water into biological treatment system, in order to reduce the operating cost. Because wastewater contain above-mentioned high concentra- tion organic acid made anaerobic biological unable to get with this environment, so first testing in a 100 L tank with three phases separator, biological mud source from pig farm wastewater anaerobic active mud, factory wastewater of 18000 mg/L at the same time (pH 6.5~7.2) directly. The result shows, in the begging only 7.45% of COD was removed but can obviously and improve the remove rate of COD gradually from the low concentration is trained, but the waste water COD remove rate unable to improve over 71% at COD 5,700 mg/L.After changed and renew the anaerobic biological sludge and adjust the wastewater input concentration, and then add the micronutrients for increasing and detesting anaerobic biological adaptive capacity again, 100 L can reach and operate wastewater at COD 12000 mg/L (pH 6.5~7.5) to test the trough steadily finally Allocate and test COD and get rid of leading and is up to 70~90%.
參考文獻
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