熱帶、亞熱帶及溫帶地區蛇紋岩土壤鉻及鎳含量之比較

comparison of chromium and nickel contents in serpentine soils from tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions

王珮君(Pei-Chun Wang)

指導教授 ： 許正一

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2013.00230

摘要

土壤在環境與生態中扮演重要的角色，但因自然地質環境導致土壤中重金屬含量偏高時，則提高了人類對食用作物的安全疑慮，也間接增加人類健康的風險度。蛇紋岩(serpentinite)為一種以蛇紋石、纖維蛇紋石為主要組成礦物之超基性岩石。蛇紋岩土壤中的鉻及鎳等重金屬背景含量較高，其含量可能會超過環保署所訂定之土壤污染管制標準。
本論文採取奧地利、日本、與印尼之蛇紋岩土壤共5個剖面，利用序列萃取法(sequential extraction)測定不同結合型態中的鉻、鎳，以比較熱帶、亞熱帶及溫帶氣候條件下對土壤中鉻、鎳含量的影響。研究結果發現，鉻及鎳在熱帶型氣候的含量高於亞熱帶及溫帶地區。在全量上所有剖面平均而言，鎳的含量高於鉻。在序列萃取法中，鉻及鎳之分佈主要以殘留態為主，即易被固定在礦物晶格內。將序列萃取前三種結合型態之鉻及鎳的含量加總可發現，鎳含量高於鉻，表示鎳在土壤之移動性比鉻高。

關鍵字

蛇紋岩土壤 ； 鉻 ； 鎳 ； 序列萃取

並列摘要

Soil plays a very important role in environment and ecology. High heavy metals contents in soil due to naturally geological environment improve the human security concerns for food crops, and indirectly increase the degree of risk to human health. Serpentinite, one kind of ultrabasics, its main compositions are serpentine and chrysotile. The higher background contents of heavy metals Ni and Cr in serpentine soil which can be over the soil pollution control standards of Environmental Protection Agency, Taiwan.
This study used five pedons of serpentine soils from Austria, Japan and Indonesia, analyzed the concentrations of different associated types of Cr and Ni by sequential extraction, compared the influences of climatic conditions of tropical, subtropical and temperate zone on the Ni and Cr contents in the soils. Experimental results find that the Ni and Cr contents in soils of tropical zone were higher than those of the suntropical and temperate zones. Ni content was averagely higher than Cr by total analyses of pedons. By sequential extractions, Cr and Ni were mainly from the mineral lattices, thus were concentrated in the residual fractions. Nickel higher than Cr by summations of front three fractions by sequential extractions, indicated Ni mobility higher than that of Cr.

並列關鍵字

serpentine soil ； Cr ； Ni ； sequential extraction

參考文獻

包國輝，2010，日本關西及台灣東部地區蛇紋岩土壤性質之比較，國立屏東科技大學環境工程與科學研究所碩士論文，23-25頁。

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Brooks, R.R., 1987, Serpentine and its vegetation. dioscorides press, Portland.