北高雄地區化學工廠周界居民健康效應評估

Health effects evaluation of the residents near a chemical factory in northern Kaohsiung

李偉浩(Wei-Hao Lee)

指導教授 ： 趙浩然

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2013.00232

摘要

台灣由於腹地狹小，所以工業區與住宅區毗鄰而居，居民往往曝露在污染環境中，北高雄地區某化學工廠於民國99年4月28日公告為土壤及地下水污染整治場址。為確立化學工廠周界民眾與潛在受體之暴露狀況，以建立本場址之暴露評估參數，本研究針對化學工廠周界居民進行健康評估調查，採問卷方式進行。自民國100年11月24日至101年3月8日在竹後里里長服務處、中華里里民活動中心、五和里里民活動中心及八德路上便利商店進行問卷訪談，一共收集600份問卷，其中有480份有效問卷。依照居民提供個人(包含: 生活習慣、健康醫療史)的問卷，彙整參數後以SPSS 12.0 ( Statistics Package for Social Science 12.0版)進行統計分析，並利用卡方檢定(Chi-square test)分析七個里別之間的個案生活習慣、健康醫療史之差異。
調查結果顯示，七個里的居民在疾病上的統計分析，並未有明顯差異，分析其原因可能是自來水普及，且居民未直接接觸或飲用地下水有關。依環保署風險評估手冊，將居民年齡層分成大於等於12歲及小於12歲的作法，明顯與一般流行病學的分類方式不同，有可能因為年齡層分類上，產生分析上的誤差(Bias) 。雖然本研究結果在健康上的影響並不明顯，但仍建議長期居住於污染場址周界的居民，健康的狀況仍需長期追蹤與持續關注。

關鍵字

揮發性有機化合物 ； 污染場址 ； 健康評估調查 ； 暴露評估參數 ； 卡方檢定分析

並列摘要

The residence is usually near the industrial areas due to cramped land in Taiwan. Therefore, the residents are exposed to the contaminants in the environment. A chemical factory has been listed as one of the remediation sites with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) contaminated in soil and underground water since 2000. The situation of the residents exposure to VOCs in the vicinity of this chemical factory was investigated to gather the exposure parameters through the health-status questionnaires. The residents were recruited in the ln service centers, ln activity centers, and convince shops near the factory. Six hundred participants answered the questionnaires and only 480 questionnaires were completed for further statistical analysis with Statistics Package for Social Science, 12.0 edition. The descriptive analysis and Chi-square tests was used to examine the lifestyle, habit, and medical history of the residents in this study. According to our results, disease outcomes of the residents in 7 lns were significantly different probably due to the use of the top drinking water and the fact that residents were not directly contacted with contaminated soil and underground water. The participants were divided into two groups, such as the residents’ age lower than 12 years old and their age higher than 12 years old, according to the handbook of risk assessment in Environmental Protection Administration. The classification in the present study is different from those used in the epidemiological studies. The sampling bias may be caused due to the sampling strategy in the present study. Although no significant health outcomes were found in the present study, the long-term and longitudinal study for the health effects of the residents near this chemical factory are encouraged.

並列關鍵字

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ； contaminated sites ； health evaluation investigation ； parameters for exposure ； Chi-square tests

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