臺灣產菊科菊屬植物分類研究

Taxonomic Study of Dendranthema (Compositae) in Taiwan

黃敏惠(Min-Hui Huang)

指導教授 ： 王志強

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/森林系所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本研究檢視臺灣產菊屬植物之標本，並觀察各分類群之形態特徵，包括植株各器官外部形態及花粉粒細微特徵，彙整其地理分布，分析外部形態特徵相似性及以DNA序列分析各分類群親緣關係，並針對臺灣產菊屬 (Dendranthema (DC.) Des Moul.) 植物進行分類研究。研究結果顯示於外部形態上，葉形態、毛體、花色及總苞等形態為臺灣產菊屬植物重要分類特徵，而植物生長習性及花序形態等特徵為區別分類群重要參考特徵；花粉形態為春黃菊型，花粉大小及花粉小刺形態可約略區分部分分類群；利用UPGMA相似性分析可將臺灣產菊屬植物區分為4個分類群；各分類群具有不同的地理分布及海拔範圍；由3種不同DNA片段定序分析後，有2個分類群 (D. horaimontana 及 D. morii ) 具有顯著內聚現象。本研究根據研究結果，主張將臺灣產菊屬植物處理為4個分類群，其中將新竹油菊 (D. lavandulifolium var. tomentellum) 併入阿里山油菊 (D. arisanense)，其餘分類群為：油菊 (D. indicum)、蓬萊油菊 (D. horaimontana) 及森氏菊 (D. morii)，其中油菊 (D. indicum) 僅分布於離島金門及馬祖地區。

關鍵字

菊屬 ； 春黃菊型 ； 平均歸群分析法 ； 鄰位相連法 ； 阿里山油菊

並列摘要

The present study examined the plant specimens of Dendranthema in Taiwan, and observed its morphological characteristics in each taxon, which includes external morphology in various organs of plant and the subtle features in pollen grains. The classification was undertook by organizing its geographic distribution, analyzing the similarity of external morphology characteristics, analyzing the phylogeny within taxa by DNA sequencing, and categorizing the plants of Dendranthema in Taiwan. The result shows that the external morphology such as leaf shape, frond hairs, flower color, involucres and other morphology of Dendranthema in Taiwan are important characteristics in classification. Moreover, the growth habit of plant and inflorescence morphology are important indication in classification within taxa. All of pollen morphology is Anthemis type. A part of taxa can be recognized by the pollen size and pollen spines morphology. The similarity of UPGMA analysis can divide Dendranthema in Taiwan into four taxa. The geographical distribution and altitudes distribution within taxa can be regarded as a reference of taxonomic. After three different DNA segment sequencing analysis, two taxa were categorized: D. horaimontana and D. morii, which have significant clustered phenomenon. The result of present study suggested that categorizing Dendranthema in Taiwan into four taxa. Dendranthema lavandulifolium var. tomentellum is included into D. arisanense, and the other taxa are D. indicum, D. horaimontana and D. morii. Moreover D. indicum only distributes in Kinmen and Matsu.

並列關鍵字

Dendranthema ； Anthemis type ； UPGMA ； Neighbor-joining ； Dendranthema arisanense

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