台灣之地震頻繁,地質狀況破碎複雜,同時位處颱風頻仍之亞熱帶地區,隨著我國經濟迅速發展,山坡地開發日益增加,台灣大部分縣市均面臨坡地崩塌災害之威脅。本研究運用地理資訊系統,依據台北市不同地質分區特性,以具保全對象之集水區為分析單元,進而產製各集水區之崩塌因子數據資料,並完成資料庫之建置。研究中選定崩塌影響因子,包括集水區之面積、平均高程、平均坡度、主要坡向、形狀係數、溪流長度、溪流蜿蜒度、谷口方向及地質狀況等,同時探討各地質區之崩塌潛感代表性坡度因子,進而完成各地質區崩塌判釋之量化模式。本研究乃取10~50度範圍為崩塌潛感代表性坡度因子,將其崩塌潛感面積及崩塌潛感面積比置入崩塌判釋,配合邊坡坡度面積百分比因子,置入崩塌判釋後,呈現較佳之崩塌判釋量化模式。研究結果顯示,依地質分區而言,三峽群整體正確分類效果最佳,其相異崩塌類型之平均整體正確分類率達91.47%,其次依序為安山岩、瑞芳群、野柳群及凝灰岩;依崩塌類型而言,落石崩塌之整體正確分類效果最佳,平均整體正確分類率達88.00%,其次依序為滑動崩塌及淺層崩塌。
There are frequent earthquakes and variation and fracture of geomorphology in Taiwan. The purpose of this study is to develop the quantification indexes model for landslide regionalization for small watershed. Influence factors, including watershed area, mean elevation of watershed, mean slope of watershed, main aspect of watershed, form factor, stream length, stream sinuosity, aspect of debouchure, geology condition and etc are considered in this study. Besides, two indexes of landslide influence factors, landslide susceptibility area and ratio of landslide susceptibility area, are also introduced. The influence factors of landslide susceptibility slope is considered from the slope of 10~50 degree in this study. Results illustrated that, San-Sia Group got the best regionalization in geology slope with the rate of correct classification of 91.47%. The following are Andesite, Jui-Fang Group, Ye-Liou Group, and Tuff. By the type of landslide, rock of falls got the best results with the rate of correct classification of 88.00%, and nexts are slides and shallow landslide.
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