探討垃圾焚化灰渣水洗液之細胞毒性、生態毒性及基因毒性之關連性

The Investigation on the Relationships between Cytotoxicity, Ecotoxicity and Genotoxicity of the Water-washing Wastewaters of MSWI Ash Waste

張凱富(Kai-Fu Chang)

指導教授 ： 黃武章

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2010.00057

摘要

生物檢測在環境檢測裡佔有相當重要的角色，因為它可以模擬污染物對於大自然中的植物、動物、生物體甚至於人類的影響。不同的生物檢測代表著不同的意義。但不同生物檢測所呈現的結果都是各自獨立的，如果可以找到這些不同檢測法所得之結果其中的關聯性，未來就可以利用這些結果來做比較，省去部份長時間的生物檢測方法。
本研究採用大腸桿菌( Escherichia coli, E. coli)進行生態毒性試驗、非洲綠猴腎細胞(Vero)進行細胞毒性試驗與水耕空心菜進行基因毒性試驗，探討三種毒性方法彼此的關聯性。研究結果顯示，所測得的E. coli生長曲線經修正之波茲曼(Boltzmann)函數調和後，所得之動力參數值會有一項符合細胞毒性的趨勢，因此可以推論此兩種生物確實存在著關聯性。進而本研究對於Soto學者所提出的生物效應評估分級做了補充的的解釋，過去Soto學者提出相對毒性值(REP %) > 70 %為有生物毒性，20 % < REP % < 70 %為疑似有生物毒性，REP % < 20 % 為無生物毒性。我們認為細胞毒性的負值越大，表示為高度生物抑制性，但大於0以後，數值越大則生物毒性越大；而越接近0，也就表示無毒性。本研究也發現各參數值皆有不同的影響因子，影響影響A1的因子為粒徑的大小，影響A2的因子為pH值、陰離子及TOC，影響X0與dX為重金屬的濃度。

關鍵字

細胞毒性 ； 基因毒性 ； 生態毒性 ； 大腸桿菌( Escherichia coli, E. coli) ； Vero細胞 ； 飛灰

並列摘要

Biological tests play an important role in environmental detection, because it can simulate the effect of pollutants in nature even in the humanity. Biological tests have different meanings. Every result in each different detection is independent, if we can find out the relationship between these results, we can use them to estimate and compare to another biological test in future, and we can also save time in order to improve testing time.
In this study, we used Escherichia coli (E. coli) for ecotoxicity test, African green monkey kidney cell (Vero) for cytotoxicity test and water spinach for genotoxicity test with the objective of investigate the relationship between these three kind of organisms. The results showed that the growth curve of E. coli after fitting by Boltzmann function can get four parameters, and one of the parameter had the same tendency with cytotoxicity, so we can inference that there is a significant relationship between these two detections. This study makes a supplementary explanation about classification of biological assessment by Soto et al.. In the past, Soto raised REP% more than 70% that means it had an outstanding biotoxicity, between 20% to 70% had suspected biotoxicity and under 20% had no biotoxicity. The results indicate that higher negative value of cytotoxicity means higher biological inhibition. When the value is higher than zero means higher biotoxicity, close to zero means less biotoxicity. This study also found that every parameter got different influence factors. Influence factor of parameter A1 is related to particle size, A2 is related to pH, anion and TOC. And X0 and dX are related to the concentrations of heavy metals.
The genotoxicity test results show that the growth rates of water spinach after adding 500mL of treated and untreated waste water into the hydroponic system are lower than blank and after adding 1000mL of waste water the growth rates was higher than blank. In the meanwhile we cannot conclude if there is any relationship between cytotoxicity and genotoxicity affecting the growth of the plant.

並列關鍵字

Cytotoxicity ； Genotoxicity ； Ecotoxicity ； Escherichia coli (E. coli) ； Vero cell ； Fly ash

參考文獻

3. 唐幸絹，2009，探討垃圾焚化灰渣之長期細胞毒性及其於評估灰渣水洗條件之應用，碩士論文，國立屏東科技大學，環境工程與科學系研究所，屏東。

12. 吳美惠，2010，評估經連續性水洗類分裝置處理後垃圾焚化飛灰粉體之再利用性，碩士論文，國立屏東科技大學，環境工程與科學系研究所，屏東。

2. Jing-dong Chou, Ming-Yen Wey, Hsiu-Hao Liang, Shih-Hsien Chang, 2009, “Biotoxicity evaluation of fly ash and bottom ash from different municipal solid waste incinerators”, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 168, pp. 197-202.

4. Bor-Yann Chen and Kae-Long Lin, “Biotoxicity assessment on reusability of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) ash”, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. B136, pp. 741-746.

13. Hiroshi Fujikawa, Akemi Kai, Satoshi Morozumi, 2004, “A new logistic model for Escherichia coli growth at constant and dynamic temperatures”, Food Microbiology, Vol. 21, pp. 501-509