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  • 學位論文

無特定病原(Specific Pathogen Free) 白蝦蝦苗的願付價格分析

An Analysis of Willingness to Pay for Specific Pathogen Free White Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei) Post-Larvae: the Contingent Valuation Method Approach

指導教授 : 鄭文騰 教授 葉信平 教授

摘要


全球養蝦產業目前所面臨的最大問題仍是病毒性疾病的危害。由於蝦類體內的免疫防禦機制僅具非專一性先天免疫系統(non-specific innate immune system),對於病毒幾乎沒有任何防禦能力。養殖系統一旦受到病毒侵入,其危害損失將極為龐大。台灣自1987年的養殖高峰受病毒危害以來,不但產量下滑且整體產業沒落,至今仍難以恢復以往的榮景。自2000年以來,全球開始大規模養殖由美國夏威夷海洋研究所(Oceanic Institute)歷經多年發展的無特定病原 (Specific Pathogen Free)白蝦,並改進整體養殖技術及管理系統,獲得了極大的成效。台灣部分養蝦業者亟思產業再生,想要放養SPF的白蝦蝦苗並改善其養殖防疫系統,期望能提高台灣養蝦的產量。本研究應用假設市場條件評估法(Contingent Valuation Method),以問卷資料根據線性廻歸(Linear Regression)進行實證分析,並且探討台灣養殖戶對於購買SPF白蝦蝦苗的意願及其願付價格(Willingness to Pay)。問卷設計包括對受訪者進行八個背景參數的調查以及針對SPF白蝦蝦苗的養殖經驗及認知等八個問題回答。研究結果發現受訪養殖戶對每一萬尾SPF的白蝦蝦苗的平均願付價格為新台幣454元。16個自變參數中,有顯著差異的僅有教育程度以及無特定病原SPF白蝦蝦苗是否足夠解決台灣目前養蝦產業所面臨的病害困境及問題的這兩個參數。在教育程度方面,受訪者學歷為大學(含)以上者相較於學歷為大學以下的受訪者,願意為每一萬尾SPF的白蝦蝦苗多支付321.77元。而認為無特定病原SPF白蝦蝦苗足夠解決台灣目前養蝦產業所面臨的病害困境及問題的受訪族群相對於其他受訪者,則願意每一萬尾SPF的白蝦蝦苗多支付354.61元。

並列摘要


The present main threat for global shrimp industry is still the hazard of viral disease. The immunity of shrimp is just with a non-specific innate immune system. It cannot protect the shrimp against the attack by most of the viruses. It always makes a serious loss of farmers whenever the virus invaded into the shrimp farm. Taiwan’s shrimp aquaculture has been fallen down dramatically by the attack of viruses since 1987, not only the production decline severely, but also the whole industry is damaged and hard to restore its brilliant times until now. Since 2000, more and more countries began buying Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) L. vannamei broodstock, which is developed by Hawaii Oceanic Institute, and develop white shrimp aquaculture industry. These SPF broodstock are highly selected from the domesticated strains and free from most of the identified viruses. Stocking SPF PL and improving the general farming technology and management systems access to a great success globally. Currently, some of the Taiwan shrimp farmers would like to buy SPF white shrimp Post-larvae (PL) and enhance their biosecurity system. They hope not only to increase their shrimp production, but also get back the reputation of Taiwan in shrimp industry. Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) is used to study the collected data. Questionnaire is designed to understand the wish of buying SPF PL and the willingness-to-pay (WTP) for the shrimp farmers. Data is analyzed by linear regression. There are 16 independent parameters in the questionnaire, which include respondents’ background and their farming experience and knowledge on the SPF white shrimp. The result showed that the average WTP for the SPF white shrimp PL by the farmers is NTD454 per 10,000 pcs. Only educational attainment of the respondents and the question on “SPF white shrimp fry is enough to solve the Taiwan shrimp industry or not?” have significant difference. For the respondents who acquire the degree of or above university (college) are willing to pay NTD321.77 per 10,000 pcs for the SPF white shrimp PL than the ones whose educational background under university (or college). In addition, the respondents who agree SPF white shrimp PL is sufficient to resolve the difficulties and problems of shrimp industry in Taiwan are willing to pay NTD354.61 per 10,000 pcs for SPF white shrimp PL than the ones who are not agree.

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