家庭風險管理模式之研究:以勞工家庭為例

A Research of Model on Family Risk Management: Case Study of the Labour Family

陳柏劦(Poli Chen)

指導教授 ： 余伍洲

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2011.00065

摘要

台灣的工業在民國60年代，由於政府的各種獎勵措施，台灣的工業規模蓬勃發展。早期引進國外較落後的技術及機械，並且也不重視環境保護的議題而忽略污染防治工作。過去幾十年來，台灣的經濟發展創造了台灣經濟奇蹟，但是經濟奇蹟是犧牲了台灣本島的環境與人民健康所換來的。癌症，每年健保醫療支出費用即超過283億台幣，對整體社會除了龐大的健保支出外，所必需的自付費用對於患者家庭的經濟更是沉重的負擔。而這些有關環境及健康負面影響的成本卻是由全民共同承擔的共業。
所以本研究擬整合現今國家保險制度，國民健康制度及民間保險產品來作健康風險管理模式的探討，從重大傷病風險規劃、重大傷病風險轉嫁及緊急應變等措施，形成一完整的家庭風險管理標準作業程序。
研究結果發現除了如投資、失業等經濟因素的致貧原因外，主要造成勞工家庭貧窮的家庭風險，主要家計負擔者因為工安意外、交通意外、重大疾病導致殘障或死亡。而進一步的分析過去的統計資料，發現一個結果，就是這些風險原因有不同的原素特質，而善用該原素特質，在時間進程中，做不同的風險轉嫁管理，即使是中低收入勞工家庭，也可以做到讓家庭永續經營的風險管理。

關鍵字

環境保護 ； 癌症 ； 保險 ； 風險管理 ； 永續經營

並列摘要

During 1970s, the scale of industry in Taiwan have been flourishing due to various incentives implemented by the government. But in the initial stage, there were many outdated foreign techniques and machines imported and the issue of environmental protection were not valued and the pollution prevention was also neglected. In the past decades, the economic development in Taiwan has created the alleged “Taiwan miracle”, though it was paid by the price of domestic environment and the health of the public. Cancers alone have cost a huge sum of more than NT$ 28.3 billion in health insurance expenses for the whole society, moreover, the individual expenditure staring has also made a heavy burden for the economy of patient’s family. But all those prices of negative environment- health relevant impacts were shared by the whole people.
Therefore, the research would like to integrate the existing national insurance scheme, national health system and private insurance products to explore and develop a rounded SOP (standard operating procedures) of family risk-management model from risk-management planning of catastrophic injury-illness and its transfer as well as emergency response.
It’s found from the research results that besides those economic causes of poverty such as investment failure and unemployment, the main reasons made the labors’ families depressed included the breadwinner handicapped or died from industrial accident, car accident or catastrophic illness. While based on further analysis of the statistic data in the past, it’s found that there were different elemental characteristics, and when they were capitalized well, even low-income working families could accomplish risk management of family sustainable operation by way of different risk transfer management during the process in time.

並列關鍵字

environmental protection ； cancer ； insurance ； risk-management ； sustainable operation

參考文獻

中華民國癌症死亡率分佈地圖集，行政院衛生署編著。

廖家敏，2007，RCA健康問題之社會建構，碩士論文，國立成功大學，公共衛生學研究所，台南。

陳秀玲，2004，台灣居民血液中戴奧辛來源調查及健康風險評估，博士論文，國立成功大學，基礎醫學研究所，台南。

吳偉銘，2000 ，高雄市空氣污染對人體健康效應之研究－以楠梓、前鎮、旗津三地區國小學童為例，碩士論文，高雄醫學大學，公共衛生學研究所，高雄。

劉紹興，1998，「職業性癌症的研究趨勢」，勞工安全衛生簡訊第29期，勞工安全衛生研究所。http://www.iosh.gov.tw/Book/Message_Publish.aspx?P=66&U=737。