2009-2011高雄市柴山臺灣獼猴嬰猴出生率及死亡率

The Birth Rate and Infant Mortality of Taiwanese Macaques （Macaca cyclopis）at Mt. Chai in Kaohsiung from 2009 to 2011

陳祖揚(Tzu-yang Chen)

指導教授 ： 裴家騏

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/野生動物保育研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2012.00065

摘要

本研究調查柴山嬰猴之出生率與死亡率。研究範圍為柴山的三個登山區域：龍泉寺木棧道登山路線、動物園登山路線及軍事管制區。研究者直接隨著猴群移動，並以肉眼或是望遠鏡觀察、記錄猴群的資料。本研究從2009年3月開始到2011年8月結束。
　　結果顯示，柴山嬰猴出生率在2009年為74±13%，2010年為69±12%；而2011年則為73±15%，三年間嬰猴出生率並無顯著差異。嬰猴死亡率僅在龍泉寺登山路線上調查，在2009年為23±16%，而2010年為34±23%，兩者間也沒有顯著差異。嬰猴出生率和柴山之前研究所得到的63±24%與65±11%並無顯著差異。2009年嬰猴死亡率略較低於柴山之前研究所調查到的35.2±2.7%。
　　柴山嬰猴出生率在七成左右，相較於鮮少人為干擾及餵食的福山地區臺灣獼猴五成左右的出生率高出許多；柴山地區獼猴生殖間隔多數都為一年，而福山地區生殖間隔則大部份為兩年，顯示柴山獼猴比福山的有更多的能量在投入在生殖上面，可能與柴山有人類餵食有關。此外，因為餵食也會影響獼猴的行為及族群生態，因此仍有必要持續推動柴山的不餵食獼猴政策。

關鍵字

臺灣獼猴 ； 嬰猴出生率 ； 嬰猴死亡率 ； 人類餵食

並列摘要

In this study, I investigated the birth rate and infant mortality of Taiwanese macaque （Macaca cyclopis） in three mountaineering routes at Mt. Chai: mountaineering route beside Long-quan temple, mountaineering routes beside zoo and military restricted area. I direct followed the macaque troops and moved with troops. Observing the macaque troops by naked eyes or binocular and collected the macaque troops’ data. Data collection was started March 2009 to August 2011. The results suggest that the birth rates of Taiwanese macaque at Mt. Chai are 74±13% in 2009, 69±12% in 2010 and 73±15% in 2011.There is no significant differences in birth rate between three years. The infant mortality only investigated in mountaineering route beside Long-quan temple. The infant mortality are 23±16% in 2009 and 34±23% in 2010. There are no significant differences between this study and previous study, which are 63±24% and 65±11%. There is no significant difference in infant mortality between two years. The infant mortality rate investigated in 2009 is slightly lower than result of early study at Mt. Chai, which is 35.2±2.7%. Compared with fifty percents birth rate at Fushan where has less disturbance and provision food by human, macaque at Mt. Chai has much higher birth rate. The inter-birth intervals are one year and two years at Fushan and Mt. Chai, which suggest that macaques at Mt. Chai have more energy in reproduction and it might be relative with provisioning. Besides, provisioning will also affect the behavior and population ecology of macaques, so it has to keep impetus “Don’t feed macaque” policy at Mt. Chai.

並列關鍵字

Macaca cyclopis ； Birth rate ； Infant mortality ； Provisioning

參考文獻

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