臺東知本地區海岸造林樹種生長表現—以木賊葉木麻黃、黃槿、垂榕、檸檬桉為例

A Study on Performance of Casuarina equisetifolia, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Ficus benjimina L. var. benjimina and Eucalyptus citriodora in Ji-Ben Coastal Area of Taitung

林雅玲(Ya-lin Lin)

指導教授 ： 葉慶龍 ； 王志強

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/森林系所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2012.00075

摘要

本研究選擇木賊葉木麻黃(Casuarina equisetifolia Forst.)、黃槿(Hibiscus tiliaceus L.)、垂榕(Ficus benjamina L. var. benjamina)及檸檬桉(Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. )等4種造林木，探討海岸地區之林木對土壤養分需求表現，進一步探討於春、秋季樹種間其生長量與各元素之相關性，俾以提供海岸造林樹種之選定及建造混合林之參考。
進行樹種葉部養分及土壤分析，以了解葉片養分含量受季節變化與生長之相關性；自2007年4-5月(春季)及同年11-12月(秋季)間進行2次試驗樹種之葉片採樣，並於春季於樣區內進行土壤採樣，並將取樣完成之葉片及土壤進行分析。
結果顯示，試驗地區之土壤呈現弱鹼性且貧瘠；由各試驗樹種植體分析結果發現，除檸檬桉及黃槿之磷含量、黃槿及木麻黃鈣含量及檸檬桉鎂含量外，秋季採取之葉片大量元素含量分析相較春季有呈現上升趨勢；微量元素於春、秋含量變化則與大量元素相反。除各試驗樹種之銅、錳元素、黃槿、木賊葉木麻黃之硼元素外，春季葉片分析之含量則高於秋季。
各樹種之生長表現，高度增長以檸檬桉最佳、木賊葉木麻黃次之，地徑部份則屬黃槿最佳、檸檬桉次之；相較各樹種，高度增長量最多之檸檬桉，秋季之大量元素含量除磷外，其它元素均高於春季，增長量次之木賊葉木麻黃除鈣外，其它元素亦高於春季。木賊葉木麻黃位處海岸第1線主要的優勢造林樹種，其春季大量元素養分相較其它試驗樹種呈現養分含量最低，其次為生長表現最佳之檸檬桉，衰老葉片養分含量越低，則表示養分再被吸收程度越高，是植物對養分貧瘠環境的一種適應機制。

關鍵字：養分分析、季節變化、生長

關鍵字

養分分析 ； 季節變化 ； 生長

並列摘要

In this study, 4 species of planted trees are investigated. (Casuarina equisetifolia Forst. , Hibiscus tiliaceus L., Ficus benjamina L. var. benjamina and Eucalyptus citriodora Hook.). This research focuses on coastal area soil nutrition and planting environment. Differences in growth rate and relevant soil elements in the spring and autumn seasons are discussed. The results of the study are expected to provide important information for choosing tree species or carrying out planting of mixed forest in coastal areas.
Tree leaf nutrient and soil analyses were carried out to understand tree leaf nutrient content relevant to seasonal change and growth rate. We sampled tree leaves between April and May 2007 (spring season) and between November and December 2007 (winter season). In addition, soil samples were obtained from the same area.
The results showed that the soil in the sampling area is alkaline and is of poor quality in terms of nutrient content. We also analyzed the nutrient content of the tested leaves. Results showed much higher quantities of nutrients in autumn than in spring, except for phosphorus in E. citriodora and H. tiliaceus, calcium in H. tiliaceus and C. equisetifolia, and magnesium in E. citriodora. The trend in micro elements differed from that of mass elements in the spring. In terms of height of the trees, E. citriodora showed the best growth rate, followed by C. equisetifolia. In terms of diameter, H. tiliaceus showed the best growth rate followed by E. citriodora. E. citriodora had more mass elements in autumn than in spring except for phosphorus. C. equisetifolia had higher quantities of elements in autumn than in spring except for calcium. A major species of planted tree in coastal areas is C. equisetifolia. It showed the lowest quantities of mass elements during the spring, followed by E. citriodora. Lower quantities of nutrients were found in aged leaves, implying that nutrients had migrated to other parts of the tree. This is an adaptation of trees growing in poor soil.

Keywords: nutrient analysis, seasonal change, growth.

並列關鍵字

nutrient analysis ； seasonal change ； growth

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