自給自足式農場規劃設計之研究

A Study on Planning and Design of Self Sufficient Life Style Farm.

鐘平祥(Christopher Jhong)

指導教授 ： 羅清吉

國立屏東科技大學/管理學院/景觀暨遊憩管理研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2012.00109

摘要

長期以來人類過度浪費及耗用地球資源產生溫室效應，地球上接連出現不尋常極端氣候，許多國家遭受地震、水災、火災、海嘯以及乾旱等侵襲，造成生命財產巨大損失。更由於石油能源價格飛漲，導致經濟衰退，各國失業率攀升，許多人覺得在都市謀生不易。根據報導『近幾十年來英國首次經歷都市向農村的大規模人口遷移，其人數超過從農村遷往都市的人口，形成反都會化現象。』晚近由於全球經濟不景氣、物價上漲，金融市場動盪等因素讓人們渴望返璞歸真，回到鄉下過自給自足、休閒清靜的農耕生活。
本文探討國內外自給自足生活型態不同代表性作法文獻，分析如何才能達到自給自足的生產，農園的面積多大才是最合適的需求、如何應用自然生態方法、如何以有機種植方法生產（蔬果分區輪作、飼養家禽、自製有機肥、形成小型食物鏈供應體系）、研究如何利用永續農法（Permaculture）生態技術在自給自足生活型態農場規劃上，使得農場能永續經營。除研究自給自足的生產需求外，亦規劃運用部分基地作美化環境的設計，並特別專注整形玫瑰的栽培以及螢火蟲的復育，使農場兼具美化休閒功能，並達到色彩、質感、平衡、方便、生態以及具有參訪價值和特色的生活型態農場。

自給自足農場的生活已成為先進國家人民追求的生活趨勢，相信台灣社會也會面臨同樣的情形，本文以一小型農場作為規劃實例，透過研究探討印證理論與實務，得到具規劃創意的結論與建議，研究結果或可作為未來更多追求這樣生活型態之人的參考。

關鍵字

自給自足 ； 生活型態 ； 生態 ； 永續經營 ； 永續農法

並列摘要

Human being has been over expenses and wasted the earth resource in a long period and it caused greenhouse effect，as a result there are many unusual climate changes happened these years. Many countries suffered such as earthquake, flood, fire and drought attacks and leads to the life and property heavy losses. Moreover, Energy prices raises have driven Inflation and economic recession. It also leads to high unemployment rates in many countries, a lot of people felt it is more difficult to live in a metropolitan city. According to News report「For the past few decade Britain experiences the city for the first time to the village large-scale population migration, The number of migration surpasses from the countryside moves to the city , it forms a phenomenon of anti metropolitan」. This paper explored different type and different forms of self sufficient life style articles from native as well as foreign countries. Analysis how can it achieve self sufficient of food production, how large area is properly required, how to utilize ecological and organic farming in the field, such as crop rotation, raises domesticated fowl, making organic compost fertilizer with compositing of animal manure, crop residues , vegetable scraps, garden wastes . Creates a small demand supply chain within the farm. Apply the Permaculture technique and skill in self sufficient garden design and develop, in order to achieving a sustainable farm. Beside the food production requirements, we also utilized part of the land as a garden in order to enhance the environment more attractive, especially in the tree rose cultivation and Firefly’s re-habitation. Make the garden having aesthetic and recreation functions and fulfill of color, texture, balance, convenient and ecology. Finally, it will turn to have visiting value and a special characteristic life style garden. The self-sufficient life style has become the life tendency which the developed countries people going to pursue, we believe Taiwan society will become the same situation in the near future . This article study and discussion by taking a small farm as an example in research design to verification theory and practice. We obtain a conclusion and suggestions from practical design process. The results may have usefulness reference for the more and more peoples who are going to be a beginner in the field of life style like this.

並列關鍵字

Self sufficient ； Life style ； Ecological ； Sustainable management ； Permaculture

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