臺東縣達仁林場新建步道植群分析

Vegetation Analysis of the Newly Created Trials in Tajen Experimental Forest Station, Taitung County

柯登耀(Teng-Yao Ko)

指導教授 ： 楊勝任

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/森林系所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2012.00273

摘要

本研究區位於屏東科技大學達仁林場內，為新建立之步道，係屬區域步道，步道長約5公里。本研究目的是為瞭解步道之植相組成、植物社會與環境變數的關係，特別是功能群藤本植物。本研究沿區域步道共設置42個400 ｍ2樣區，並量測12項環境變數，樣區使用雙向指標種分析、降趨對應分析進行植物社會分類，並以主成份分析、冗餘分析了解物種組成與環境變數關係；再藉由Monte Carlo顯著性測試主要梯度軸與顯著的環境因子，解釋植物社會與環境變數間的關係。以優勢度－多樣性曲線將各分層之物種重要值排序，了解森林各層植群優勢度變化。結果顯示研究區內共記錄了358種維管束植物，其中有15種為稀有植物。樣區共區分出咬人狗－姑婆芋型、小葉桑－全緣卷柏型、高士佛赤楠－臺灣馬錢型、金斗椆－草珊瑚型、紅子莢迷－雞屎藤型等5個植物社會型。使用主成份分析得知第1、2軸具顯著性，水分指數、岩石地比例、林分指數、喬木層覆蓋度、灌木層覆蓋度等為影響本區木本植物社會分化最主要原因，而岩石地比例、林分指數、灌木覆蓋度、海拔、土壤含石率等為影響藤本植物最主要原因，本研究區內各層優勢度－多樣性曲線以草本層較為陡峻，此代表物種與物種間豐量差異較大，物種多樣性較少。

關鍵字

降趨對應分析 ； 環境變數 ； 主成份分析 ； 步道 ； 雙向指標種分析 ； 植群

並列摘要

Five km of newly created regional trails are located in Tajen Experimental Forest Station. The aims of this study are to understand the vegetation composition of the trail, explore the relationships between the plant distribution and environmental variables especially the functional type of lianas, Forty two plots (400 m2 each) were set up and investigated along the trails and twelve environmental variables were estimated for each plot. The vegetation was classified by two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA). The relationships among species, plots and environmental variables were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and redundancy analysis (RA). Furthermore, the significance levels of the eigen-values of the gradient axes and environment variables were tested by Monte Carlo permutation. Ranking the important-value of each species of levels of vegetations by dominance-diversity curves, the slopes of the curves were able to compare the dominance change of each level of vegetations. The results showed that 358 kinds of vascular plants including 15 rare species were found in this area. The vegetations were classified into five types by DCA and TWINSPAN : Dendrocnide meyeniana－Alocasia odora type, Morus australis－Selaginella delicatula type, Syzygium kusukusense－Strychnos cathayensis type, Cyclobalanopsis pachyloma－Sarcandra glabra type and Viburnum formosanum－Paederia foetida type. The first and second axes significant with the main variables to the floristic variations by PCA and RA are moisture index, coverage bare ground, stand index, coverage tree layer and coverage shrub layer. The main variables to the vines variations are coverage bare ground, stand index, coverage shrub layer, altitude and stoniness. The dominance-diversity curves of herb layer was steeper than the other two layers, indicating the more difference in species relative abundance with lower biodiversity.

並列關鍵字

detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) ； environmental variables ； principal component analysis (PCA) ； trails ； two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) ； vegetation

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