私有林主參加限制伐採補償假想方案之意願與願受補償額度之評估

Assessment the Responses of Private Forest Owners and Their Acceptable Compensation under Cutting Restriction Scenarios

陳俊宇(Jun-Yu Chen)

指導教授 ： 羅凱安

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/森林系所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2012.00286

摘要

全民造林計畫(1997)二十年獎勵年限將至，甚至有許多早期參與農地造林計畫(1990)的林主已過獎勵年限，已可自行處理林地上之林木，使得環保團體擔心若在環境敏感區發生大砍伐而重蹈「砍大樹種小樹」之顧慮，進而影響國土與生態之保育，為此林務局提出「森林限伐補償計畫草案」之構想來保護私有成林。本研究針對私有林主藉由問卷調查及深度訪談之方式，共調查台灣北中南東(宜蘭縣：礁溪、頭份、大同；新竹縣：五峰、尖石；苗栗縣：大湖；南投縣：國姓、仁愛、鹿谷；屏東縣：來義、春日；花蓮縣：卓溪、瑞穗、萬榮)14個鄉鎮，總計訪問125位林主，198筆土地資料，來瞭解私有林主對於計畫之參與意願及願受補償金額，並且瞭解影響林主決策的相關因素並分析林主決策之過程，以提供未來政府施行計畫時之參考。結果發現，當補償金額為15,000元/ha時，僅有34.5%的林主願意參加，而以原計畫所假定之補償金額20,000元/ha詢問林主意願時，則參與意願增加至52.0%，有11.6%的林主是無論多少補償金皆不願參加；而經差異性分析後得知林主年齡、林地對家庭生計影響程度、土地類別、土地自然狀況與土地離家距離遠近是影響計畫參與意願的重要因素，且與土地自然狀況呈現負相關。倘若未來沒有相關配套措施，可能會造成台灣林木的砍伐情況增加，且本研究發現造景樹之買賣為目前影響林主最大的誘因，因此森林限伐補償計畫是非常重要的配套措施，也是能解決此問題的方法之一。

關鍵字

環境敏感區 ； 誘因 ； 限制伐採

並列摘要

The All People Reforestation Movement Plan has come to an end, many farmers who participated in the Farmland Reforestation Plan (1990) and earlier would induce forest owners to cut their trees, because this plan is already over 20 years. Environmental groups worry about logging in environmentally sensitive areas, and the repetition of cutting down the big trees and to planting the seedlings. It has been affecting the ecology and conservation of environmentally sensitive areas. Therefore, the Forestry Bureau proposed the Forest Restriction Cutting project within environmentally sensitive areas to protect private forests. In this study we used in-depth interview and questionnaires on the owners of mature woodland. We surveyed a total of 14 townships in Taiwan (Yilan County: Jiaosi, Toufen, Datong; Hsinchu County: Wufeng, Jianshih; Miaoli County: Dahu; Nantou County: Kuohsing, Ren ai, Lugu; Pingtung County: Lai Yi, Chunrih ; Hualien County: Zhuoxi, MizuhoWanrong), with a total access to the 125 forest owners and 198 parcels of land. The research study aims to understand the main factors that influence forest owner’s decisions their policy’s participation rates, and the acceptable amount of compensation. It is hoped the findings can provide a reference for the government in implementing plans in the future. The results showed that 34.5% of forest owners will be willing to participate with an amount of NT $ 15,000 compensation per year; 52.5% of forest owners will be willing to participate with an amount of NT $ 20,000 compensation per year. Only about 11.6% of forest owners asserted that they didn’t want to join the scheme no matter how much compensation they were provided. Analysis by assessment indicated that the forest age, the categories of land, were the crucial factors that affected forest owners’ willingness in participate the plan. A negative correlation was found between the natural condition of land and the owners’ willingness. However, if the government does not have supporting measures, the logging situation will get worse in Taiwan. This study found that the landscaping tree trading affected by forest owners largest economic incentives. Consequently, the Compensation of Forest Restriction Cutting is a very important supporting measure, and is also one of the best ways to solve the problem of logging.

並列關鍵字

Environmentally Sensitive Areas, , ； incentives ； cutting restriction

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