不同程序條件所製羊糞-生質炭之熱化學與孔洞特性

Thermochemical and Pore Properties of Goat-manure Biochars Prepared from Different Process Parameters

圖雷(Njagga Touray)

指導教授 ： 蔡文田 ； 陳光堯

國立屏東科技大學/國際學院/熱帶農業暨國際合作系/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2014.00073

摘要

以熱化學轉化（TCC）程序利用生物資源廢渣（生質物）具有相當重要的功能目的，包括廢棄物管理、溫室氣體排放減量與生物能源產出。本研究目的以乾燥羊糞（GM）為TCC進料，將其熱裂解產製為生質炭及其環境復育目的之評估。
首先，GM之熱化學性分析，包括近似分析與有機/礦物元素分析，顯示此生質物組成係大部分為揮發性物質與少量的固定炭。在二組熱裂解實驗之設計下，即不同的熱裂解溫度（400-800℃）與不同的持溫時間（0-60min），探討其熱化學性質與孔洞特性，包括近似分析、有機元素與礦物元素分析，熱重量分析（TGA）、真密度、熱值、表面積與孔洞體積、傅利葉紅外線光譜分析（FTIR）與掃描式電子顯微分析（SEM），以
評估羊糞-生質炭（GMBC）作為能源使用與環境復育之潛力。
實驗分析結果顯示，GMBC若作為能源使用，其最佳程序條件為600℃與持溫30min，此時GMBC熱質為16.28 MJ/Kg，比其前驅進料熱值（13.06MJ/Kg）高出25％。另一方面，GMBC若作為多孔性類炭物質，其最佳程序條件為800℃與持溫30min，此時GMBC表面積超過93m2/g與孔隙度為0.115。基於上述，GMBC顯示其可作為固態燃料與環境友善物質應用之潛力。

關鍵字

羊糞 ； 生質炭 ； 熱化學性質 ； 熱值 ； 表面積 ； 生質能源

並列摘要

The utilization of bioresource residues (biomass) in thermochemical conversion processes is of particular importance with regard to functions such as waste management, reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and bioenergy production. In this work, the potential of dry goat-manure as feedstock in thermochemical conversion (e.g., pyrolysis), for producing biochar and its environmental remediation purpose, was evaluated. The thermochemical characteristics of goat-manure were investigated by the proximate and organic/mineral component analyses, showing that the biomass comprised a large percentage of volatile matter and less amount of fixed carbon. Two sets of pyrolysis experiments were conducted to produce goat-manure biochars (GMBC) at different pyrolysis temperatures (400 to 800 oC) and holding times (0 to 60 minutes). To evaluate their potential for the purposes of energy use and environmental remediation, the resulting GMBC were subject to the analyses of chemical and physical properties, including proximate and elemental/mineral components analyses, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), true density, calorific value, surface area/
pore volume, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Pyrolysis temperature of around 600 oC held for 30 minutes was found to be the optimal conditions for the production of GMBC for energy use, where its calorific value (16.28 MJ/kg) increased about 25% as compared to that of goat-manure (13.06 MJ/kg). On the other hand, temperature of around 800 oC was found optimum for producing porous carbon-like material with surface area over 93 m2/g and porosity about 11.5 %. In conclusion, GMBC showed potentials for the use of solid biofuel and environment-friendly material in energy and soil applications.

並列關鍵字

goat-manure ； biochar ； thermochemical property ； calorific value ； surface area ； bioenergy

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