海岸遊憩區永續發展之研究:以泰國帕岸島哈林社區為例

A Study on the Sustainable Development of the Coastal Recreation Areas: Case of Baan Haad Rin Community, Koh Phangan Island, Thailand

馮奈洛(Nara Phongphanich)

指導教授 ： 毛冠貴 ； 顏才博

國立屏東科技大學/國際學院/熱帶農業暨國際合作系/博士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2014.00311

摘要

帕岸島位於泰國南部泰國灣，隸屬於蘇拉他尼省，是旅遊的熱門景點，為該省帶來很多收入。但是，自然災害及觀光產業發展之衝擊，導致帕岸島的海岸遊憩區快速改變，其中以位於邊臺(Baan Tai)鎮的哈林社區，是觀光客到該島的主要目的地，受到的影響也最大。因此，本研究目的將聚焦於哈林社區海岸遊憩區永續發展之探討，包括調查觀光對海岸遊憩區之衝擊；分析及確認主要的永續性指標；評估及建立海岸永續發展之指標；提出海岸永續發展的行動計畫，與設計海岸遊憩特定區永續發展的規範。
本文首先由文獻回顧及田野調查之結果，發現多數當地人認為實質環境、社會文化及政治經濟三個面向對哈林社區之發展，造成衝擊。第二，40位專家就49個永續性指標，確認33個指標與哈林社區的海岸永續發展有關。第三，藉由層級分析法對這33個主要指標進行分析，發現實質環境永續性的固態廢棄物污染之權數最高，可作為此面向之顯著指標。第四，從1351位受訪者問卷資料的分析，多數受訪者對哈林社區受到社會文化、政治經濟及實質環境等面向之負面衝擊，表示關切。第五，依據這三個面向之負面與正面衝擊及文獻分析結果，提出海岸永續發展之行動計畫，並運用宜居社區之原則與本研究之主要永續性指標，設計海岸永續發展之概念性行動方案，它可做為哈林社區永續發展模式及海岸遊憩特定區-哈林諾水岸區永續發展之設計規範。
最後，本研究結果希望能為政府及社區，提供海岸永續發展有用的行動計畫，及海岸遊憩特定區永續發展的行動規範。

關鍵字

行動計畫 ； 層級分析法 ； 海岸遊憩區 ； 設計規範 ； 永續發展 ； 宜居社區

並列摘要

Koh Phangan is an island in the gulf of Thailand in Suratthani Province, Southern Thailand. This island is one of the popular visitor attractions that generate many revenues for Suratthani Province. But coastal recreation areas in this island have been rapidly changed due to the impacts of natural disasters and tourism industry development especially for the Baan Haad Rin Community (BHRC) that located at Baan Tai Municipality-the major tourist destination of Koh Phangan Island. Hence, the purposes of this study focused on the “sustainable development of coastal recreation areas” at BHRC that included: investigate the tourism impacts on the coastal recreation areas; analyze and identify the key sustainability indicators; evaluate and create the indicators of sustainable coastal development; and propose the action plans and design guidelines for sustainable development in coastal recreation areas.
First, the literature review and field survey showed that most local people mentioned on the physical-environmental, socio-cultural, and political-economic impacts of BHRC. Second, 33 from 49 key sustainability indicators were identified by the 40 experts for the sustainable coastal development of BHRC. Thirdly, the analytic hierarchy process was used to evaluate the 33 key sustainability indicators by those experts again, and it revealed that the weight of solid waste pollution on the physical-environmental sustainability dimension was the highest one that acted as a significant indicator in this dimension. Fourthly, 1,351 respondents were interviewed to analyze the questionnaire data. Most of respondents concerned the negative impacts of the socio-cultural, political-economic, and physical-environmental dimensions at BHRC. Fifthly, the action plans of sustainable coastal development were proposed by the researcher based on the negative and positive impacts of each dimension and literature review. The principles for livable communities were integrated with the results of key sustainability indicators by the researcher to design the conceptual action plan for sustainable coastal development, which also provided the design guidelines for the sustainable development model of BHRC and the specific coastal recreation areas such as the Haad Rin Nok Waterfront.
At last, the results of this study can be expected to provide the useful action plans of sustainable coastal development and design guidelines of specific coastal recreation areas for the government and community.

並列關鍵字

action plan ； analytic hierarchy process ； coastal recreation area ； design guideline ； sustainable development ； livable community

參考文獻

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