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  • 學位論文

室內空間對於高齡視覺障礙患者生活品質影響之探討

A Study of Factors Affecting the Quality of Life for Elders with Visual Impairment in Indoor Environment

指導教授 : 蕭家孟

摘要


隨著二次世界大戰後嬰兒潮族群邁入高齡,以及近年來少子化的衝擊,社會高齡化已是無可逃避的問題。高齡族群雖已不是社會中生產的主力,但仍不應忽視他們的需求,當營造一個安全友善的環境,讓高齡者可以安心生活,能有良好的生活品質,讓每位高齡者都能生活得有尊嚴、有價值。 要有良好的生活品質,需要考量生理、心理、社會、環境等的因素,這些因素也會相互影響。而高齡者及其居住空間的議題在台灣雖已逐漸受到重視,硬體設備方面有日漸完善的趨勢,但整體空間仍多忽略了因高齡者特殊生理因素產生的行為所衍生出諸如生活安全、自主獨立、方便使用等的需求與其心理層面的考量。不夠安全的空間,也常會造成意外的發生,意外導致的醫療問題往往也造成家庭及社會在照護或醫療支出上的沉重負擔。營造一個符合需求的安全空間,有助減少高齡者意外的發生,能有效提升高齡者的生活品質。 本研究針對感官知覺中最重要的視覺議題做調查,調查有視覺障礙的高齡者,其生活品質與空間安全的關聯。利用問卷調查的方法,以65歲以上尚可獨立生活之視覺障礙者為目標。評估現行高齡者居住空間及規範是否能符合高齡視覺障礙者的需求,是否能有效減少意外發生且維持生活品質,以作為日後相關空間規畫的建議。 研究結果發現︰ (1) 受訪者的人口學特質與臨床特性會影響視覺功能生活品質 (2) 受訪者的視覺功能生活品質會影響室內空間意外的發生情形 (3) 適合高齡視覺障礙者的空間規劃可減少意外的發生 據此建議空間設計者,應考量空間使用者的特殊需求,面對高齡視覺障礙者,也應考量其生理特性、心理狀態,並重視其安全性的需求,為高齡者創造更良好的生活品質、更有尊嚴的老年生活!

並列摘要


With the people born during the Post–World War II became old, aging society is an inevitable demographic phenomenon. Although the elderly is not the working population, their needs should not be ignored. We should create a safe and friendly environment for the elderly to live at ease and have a high quality of life, ensure every elderly person can live with dignity. To improve the quality of life of elderly people, the physical, psychological, social and environment factors should be taken into consideration. These factors also influence each other. An unsafe space often cause accidents, medical expenses related to accidents result in family burdens. Creating a safe space in line with demand can help preventing accidents to older people and effectively improving the quality of life for older people. This study is a survey of the relationship between the quality of life and the space safety for visually impaired elderly. A questionnaire survey adopted to visually impaired people ages 65 and above who can live independently, to evaluate whether the current living space specifications can meet the needs of the visually impaired elderly, and can effectively reduce accidents in living space to maintain the quality of life. Survey results show: (1)The demographic characteristics and clinical characteristics of those questioned may affect the visual function related quality of life. (2)The visual function related quality of life of those questioned may affect the accident frequency rate in living environment. (3)An appropriate spatial planning for visually impaired elderly may reduce accidents. According to the survey results, interior designers should put the special needs of users into consideration. For visually impaired elderly, interior designers should consider their physiological characteristics, mental state, and their safety needs, to create a better life quality for the elderly!

參考文獻


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