供應鏈資訊分享價值影響因子之探討

Factors with Impact on the Value of Information Sharing in a Supply Chain

林香琪(Shiang-Chi Lin)

指導教授 ： 陳彥匡

國立臺中科技大學/商管學群/事業經營研究所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

近年來已有學者將資訊分享價值量化並且深入分析影響資訊分享價值的因子，多數學者肯定資訊分享的價值，但不同供應鏈型態、存貨政策與資訊分享內容將影響資訊分享價值的大小。本研究延續Lee 等人的研究，探討分享終端客戶需求資訊的價值及其影響因子。除了仍考慮一兩階段簡單型供應鏈系統、需求過程為一階自迴歸模型以及供應鏈中廠商均採目標存貨政策進行補貨外，本研究假設廠商採移動平均法預測下游需求。為減低數理模型推導之複雜性及困難度，本研究依據田口實驗設計原理設計不同潛在影響因子組合之模擬實驗，計算不同因子組合下資訊分享與否的成本，並比較兩者之間的差異以衡量資訊分享價值。依此，本研究發現在不同因子組合下，資訊分享確實都能使廠商的總成本大幅降低。此外，本研究輔以多元迴歸分析探討資訊分享之價值。研究結果顯示，當終端消費者之需求相關性較高、需求變異較大、安全存量係數、前置時間較長或較高的缺貨及儲存成本等情況下，資訊分享價值較大；但以移動平均法預測需求時，所採歷史資料期數較多將降低資訊分享價值。

關鍵字

供應鏈 ； 資訊分享 ； 資訊分享價值

並列摘要

The benefits a supply chain obtained from information sharing between the retailers and their upstream suppliers as well as its influential factors have received numerous attentions in recent years. Using the simulation model and regression analysis, this thesis aims at addressing the issues of quantifying the magnitudes of these benefits, and of identifying the influential factors for a two-echelon supply chain with a first-order autoregressive demand process. We assume that the retailer follows a simple order-up-to inventory policy in which the estimating of order-up-to point relies on simple moving-average. Our analysis suggests that the benefits of information sharing can be high when demand is significantly correlated over time; any of the service level, carrying cost or shortage cost is high; or when lead-time is long. Besides, the longer the period of past demands accounting in simple moving- average the lower the benefit quantified.

並列關鍵字

Supply Chain ； Information Sharing ； Value of Information Sharing

參考文獻

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