導覽機器人的性別提示對使用者的感受與行為之影響

The Influence of the Guiding Robot's Gender Cues on User's Perception and Behavior

林可薇(Ke-Wei Lin)

指導教授 ： 游曉貞

國立臺中科技大學/設計學院/多媒體設計系碩士班/碩士(2017年)

摘要

在現今社會當中，機器人對人類的協助越來越多樣化，像是作為個人護理、健身輔導，甚至是專業的救援團隊機器人，改善許多人類困難解決的問題。在人與機器人互動領域當中，機器人的設計影響對使用者的說服力，說服為試圖改變他人的想法或行為，這些因素可能包括外觀，風格和溝通的內容，甚至是非言語行為。人們需要對機器人有一定程度的正面態度，包括將他們視為是一個有智能的個體，並覺得他們是值得信任的，才能夠影響他們遵從機器人的意願。有研究指出機器人的性別語音差異會影響使用者的感受，產生不同的行為與互動。本研究目的在於探討使用者對於不同性別機器人的態度差異，因此本研究集中以性別的外型與聲音提示為實驗變項，藉由奧茲巫師法操作實驗，參與者將與不同性別的機器人進行互動與議題的說服，機器人會對參與者發出捐贈請求，最後請參與者完成研究量表。本研究透過人型機器人作為導覽機器人，與參與者進行機器人領域上的募款捐贈，參與者為男女各32位，平均分配於四種實驗條件：(A)女性外型搭配女性聲音；(B)中性外型搭配女性聲音；(C)男性外型搭配男性聲音；(D)中性外型搭配男性聲音。研究結果雖然沒有統計上的顯著差異，但就量表與捐贈結果的差距來看，這會是個有潛力的研究議題，並提出五點結論：(1)感受上，參與者覺得同性別的機器人較有說服度；(2)在捐贈上，參與者則偏好捐贈給女性機器人；(3)說服性研究在測量時，量表與行為應同時進行測量，避免實驗誤差；(4)參與者性別對於說服性沒有顯著差異。最後本研究建議設計師在機器人的設計上，若依情況調整機器人的性別提示，將機器人的說服性作最大化，可改善人與機器人互動上的說服性問題。

關鍵字

機器人的人機互動 ； 性別刻板印象 ； 性別提示 ； 說服科技

並列摘要

In today's society, robots are increasingly diverse in human assistance, such as personal care, fitness counseling, and even professional robots rescue team, to improve many human to solve the their problems. In the field of interaction between man and robot, the design of the robot affects the user's persuasiveness; persuade to try to change the ideas or behavior of others, these factors may include the appearance, style and content of communication, and even nonverbal behavior.People need to have a positive attitude towards robots, including treating them as an intelligent individual and feeling that they are trustworthy to be able to influence their willingness to follow the robot.Some of the studies have pointed out that the robot's gender differences in voice will affect the user's feelings, resulting in different behavior and interaction. The purpose of this study is to explore the participants' attitudes towards navigation robots with different gender hints, therefore, this study focused on the appearance of gender and voice tips for experimental variables, we operation the experiment by “The Wizard of OZ. “ first, we collect the appearance of the experimental tips to stimulate the production and verification, then, participants will be persuaded with interacting with different sexes of the robot, furthermore, the participants respond to the robot's request for donations, Finally, participants are asked to complete the research questionnaire.This study through the humanoid robot as a navigation robot, with the participants in the field of robot donations, participants was 32 males and females, with an average of four experimental conditions:(1) female appearance with female voice;(2) neutral appearance with female voice;(3) male appearance with male voice;(4) neutral appearance with male voice.Although the results of the study did not statistically significant differences, but the results should have a certain correlation exists.In the experience, the participants feel that the same sex robot is more convincing, and the male robot is more convincing than the female robot; in the donation, the participants prefer to donate to the female robot.In the end, this study suggests that designers in the field of robot design, If you adjust the robot's gender prompts in accordance with the situation, you can maximize the persuasion of the robot and improve the persuasion of the interaction between the robot and the robot.the interaction between the robot and the robot.

並列關鍵字

Human-Robot Interaction ； Gender Stereotypes ； Gender Cues ； Persuade technology

參考文獻

2. Kim, H., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2008). Persuasive design of destination web sites: An analysis of first impression. Journal of Travel research, 47(1), 3-13.

3. Bainbridge, W. A., Hart, J. W., Kim, E. S., & Scassellati, B. (2011). The benefits of interactions with physically present robots over video-displayed agents. International Journal of Social Robotics, 3(1), 41-52.

4. Niculescu, A., van Dijk, B., Nijholt, A., Li, H., & See, S. L. (2013). Making social robots more attractive: the effects of voice pitch, humor and empathy. International journal of social robotics, 5(2), 171-191.

5. Ham, J., & Midden, C. J. (2014). A persuasive robot to stimulate energy conservation: the influence of positive and negative social feedback and task similarity on energy-consumption behavior. International Journal of Social Robotics, 6(2), 163-171.

6. Ballard, D. I., & Seibold, D. R. (2006). The experience of time at work: Relationship to communication load, job satisfaction, and interdepartmental communication. Communication Studies, 57(3), 317-340.