台灣機車產業出口競爭力之分析

The Export Competitiveness of Taiwan’s Motorcycle Industry

黃媛妃(Yuan-Fei Huang)

指導教授 ： 王親仁

國立臺中科技大學/商學院/企業管理系碩士班/碩士(2018年)

摘要

機車產業是自製率達100%的成熟產業乃我國製造業核心產業之一，由於內需市場飽和壓力，積極開拓外銷市場與海外經營，以延續產業發展的重心，然而面對中國及印度在國際市場的低價競爭、歐美日製造廠商仍具技術優勢、全球經濟環境榮枯，均影響機車產業的發展。
本研究運用出口市場佔有率（EMS）、顯示性比較利益指數（RCA）、市場占有率/顯示性比較利益指數(MSRCA)與相對競爭位置（RP）等事後績效指標，結合財政部關務署與國際貿易中心(ITC）進出口統計資料，衡量台灣機車在日本市場的出口競爭力。實證結果顯示日本為我國主要機車出口市場，而中國和泰國為我國的主要競爭對手；產品以「其他機器腳踏車，裝有往復式內燃活塞引擎，其汽缸容量不超過50立方公分者」及「其他機器腳踏車，裝有往復式內燃活塞引擎，其汽缸容量超過50立方公分，但不超過250立方公分者」為大宗；2017年台灣前者EMS為79.8%優於中國的19.8%，後者的EMS為19.2%高於中國的18%，而小輸泰國的27.4%。2017年台灣RCA值為4.45領先泰國的3.91及中國的0.82。透過MSRCA指數與RP等指標分析，台灣機車仍屬「極強出口競爭力」之產業。

關鍵字

機車產業 ； 出口市場佔有率 ； 顯示性比較利益指數 ； 市場佔有率/顯示性比較利益指數 ； 相對競爭位置

並列摘要

The motorcycle industry is a mature industry with 100% local content rate and is one of the core manufacturing industries in Taiwan. Due to the stress of saturated demand in domestic market, exploring the export market and overseas business is crucial to continue the development of this industry. However, the development has been affected by the impacts of low-cost competition both of China and India in international market, the possess advantages of technology from the European and American manufacturers and the climate of global economic environment.
This study applies the post-performance indicators such as export market share (EMS), revealed comparative advantage index (RCA), market share/revealed comparative advantage index (MSRCA), relative position (RP) integrating the import and export statistics data from the Ministry of Finance and International Trade Center (ITC) to analyze the export competitiveness of Taiwan motorcycle in the Japanese market. The empirical results show that Japan is the main export market for Taiwan’s motorcycle and China and Thailand are the main competitors. The bulk export items are “Other motorcycles with reciprocating internal combustion piston engine of a cylinder capacity not exceeding 50 cc” and “Other motorcycles equipped with reciprocating internal combustion piston engine of a cylinder capacity over 50 cc but not exceeding 250 cc”. The EMS of Taiwan (79.8%) on the former item is better than that of China (19.8), while the EMS of Taiwan (19.2%) on the latter item is higher than that of China (18%), but lower than that of Thailand (27.4%) in 2017. At the same time, the RCA value of Taiwan (4.45) is leading to those of Thailand (3.91) and China (0.82). By means of analyzing the MSRCA index and RP, Taiwan's motorcycle is still an "extremely strong export competitiveness" industry.

並列關鍵字

Motorcycle Industry ； Export Market Share ； Revealed Comparative Advantage Index ； Market Share/Revealed Comparative Advantage Index ； Relative Position

參考文獻

一、中文部份

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2. 中華經濟研究院(2018)。我國具出口競爭力農產品與非關稅貿易障礙之研析。

3. 台灣經濟研究院產經資料庫(2015)。土耳其經濟展望與商機。

4. 台灣經濟研究院產經資料庫(2017)。2017年我國機車製造業分析。