大學生健康促進生活型態及其相關因素之探討

Health promotion life style and related factors among college students

楊佳儒(Jia-Ru Yang)

指導教授 ： 李逸

義守大學/醫學院/護理學系/碩士(2018年)

摘要

背景：大學階段是青少年邁入成年過程及健康行為發展定型的關鍵時期，但發現大專院校學生因缺乏運動與飲食習慣不正確的生活型態導致身體健康數值異常有上升的趨勢。
目的：探討大學生健康促進生活型態與靜態行為及其相關因素。
方法：本研究屬橫斷式相關性研究，以高雄某私立大學醫學院大學部日間部四年級405位學生為樣本，收案時間為2018年2月至2018年3月，研究問卷內容包括：人口學變項、健康促進生活型態量表、國際身體活動量表-自填長版台灣中文版、健康行為自我效能量表與自覺健康狀況量表。
結果：研究結果顯示人口學特質（是否正在打工、目前居住方式）、健康行為自我效能、自覺健康狀態能解釋的健康促進生活型態總變異量的49.9%。
結論：健康行為自我效能分數越高，自覺健康狀態越好，目前居住方式為獨居、每週身體活動量累計越多及無正在打工的大學生健康促進生活方式越好。
臨床應用：建議學校護理人員舉辦活動或講座，引導大學生提高健康行為的自我效能感，增加參與體育活動，從而提升大學生健康促進生活型態的整體分數。

關鍵字

健康促進生活型態 ； 靜態行為 ； 健康行為自我效能 ； 自覺健康狀態 ； 大學生

並列摘要

Background：The university stage is a critical period for young people entering adulthood and their development of healthy behaviors. It is found that the lack of exercise and eating habits in college students leads to an increase in physical health abnormal data.
Purpose：Discussing College Students' Health Promoting Lifestyle and Static Behavior and Related Factors.
Methods：This study is a cross-sectional correlation study. The study samples from the 405 seniors of medicine college of university, and the time of the collection was from February 2018 to March 2018. Items, Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire Taiwan Version, Health - Promoting Lifestyle Profile and Perceived Health Status Scale to collect information.
Results：The health-promoting lifestyle is better if there is no working, living with family members, the better self-efficacy of health behavior, the better health status and doing more physical activity per week. The more time you sit in a week, the less you engage in physical activity, and the worse your health status is.
Conclusion：The best predictors of college students' health promoting life styles are health behavior self-efficacy, whether or not they are working, how they live, perceive health, and doing weekly physical activity. The mentioned above can explain 49.9% of the total variation in health promotion lifestyle.
Implication for practice：It is recommended that health workers in schools can organize activities or lectures to guide college students to promote self-efficacy in their health behaviors, and to increase participation in physical activity, thereby improving the overall scores of college students' health -promoting lifestyles.

並列關鍵字

health-promotion lifestyle ； Sedentary behavior ； health behavior self-efficacy ； health conception ； college students

參考文獻

Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215.

一、中文部份

王嵐亭（2012）‧臺北市一般高中生體育態度與健康促進生活型態之研究‧臺灣師範大學體育學系體育教學碩士學位班碩士論文，未出版，台北市。

古博文、陳俐蓉、許志宏（2016）‧老年靜態行為與認知老化之文獻回顧‧體育學報，49（s），1–16。

李秀珍、李素幸、宋瑩珠（2009）‧國中生健康促進生活型態及其影響因素之探討－以台南縣四所國中生為例‧學校衛生，54，107–122。