影響社區婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查之相關因素

Factors Associated with Accept Pap Smear Screening in Community Women

侯卉敏(Huei-Min Hou)

指導教授 ： 陳文旭

共同指導教授 ： 高家常(Chia-Chang Kao)

義守大學/醫學院/醫務管理學系/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6343/ISU.2014.00401

摘要

本研究探討影響社區婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查的相關因素，採用橫斷性研究，以立意取樣的方式，收集高雄市燕巢區、仁武區、鳳山區、梓官區、湖內區及小港區的婦女作為研究對象，分為兩組:第一組為常規(每年或每2 年)接受子宮頸抹片檢查；第二組為非常規(超過3 年以上未做檢查及從未接受過抹片檢查)接受子宮頸抹片檢查的婦女，共計回收407 份。問卷採用結構式問卷，以Becker(1974)的健康信念模式為基礎，內容包含基本資料、自覺疾病威脅、自覺預防行為的障礙及行動線索來說明有關健康相關的行為。資料分析以SPSS18.0進行分析，統計方法有描述性統計、卡方檢定、獨立樣本T 檢定與邏輯式迴歸分析等方法處理資料。研究結果可以看出年齡的、教育程度、運動時間的多寡、自覺疾病威脅與自覺預防行為的障礙有達顯著水準。從邏輯式迴歸分析影響研究對象接受子宮頸抹片檢查的相關因素中發現，年齡40-49 歲是30-39 歲的0.95 倍(95%CI=0.375~2.413)，50-59 歲是30-39 歲的1.04 倍(95%CI=0.414~2.632)，60-69 歲是30-39 歲的0.68 倍(95%CI=0251~1.851)。教育程度方面國(初)、高中是國小(含)以下的2.38 倍(95% CI=1.321~4.272)且達顯著水準(P<0.05)，專科或大學是國小(含)以下的1.05 倍(95% CI=0.575~1.930)，有達顯著水準(P<0.05)。運動時間超過30 分鐘的高於運動時間30 分鐘內的1.18 倍(95%CI=0.745~1.867)。自覺疾病威脅越高大於自覺疾病威脅越低的1.98 倍(95%CI=1.359~2.879)，有達顯著水準(P<0.05)，表示對於子宮頸抹片的了解越多越提高接受子宮頸抹片檢查的意願。自覺預防行為的障礙月高大於自覺預防行為障礙低的0.65 倍(95% CI=0.559~0.753)且達顯著水準(P<0.05)，表示對於做抹片檢查的障礙越多，則對於接受子宮頸抹片的檢查意願也會降低。

關鍵字

子宮頸抹片篩檢 ； 子宮頸癌 ； 健康信念模式

並列摘要

This study investigates factors which affects women in communities receive Pap smears. It adopts the cross-sectional study and purposive sampling to collect women
in Yanchao Dist, Renwu Dist, Fengshan Dist, Ziguan Dist, Hunei Dist and Xiaogang Dist in Kaohsiung city as our research subjects. We put these women into two groups,
the first group is regular (every year or every two years) who are received a Pap smear,and the second group is irregular (more than three years without receiving a Pap
smear or never had a Pap smear), we receive women's recoveries for Pap smears, 407questionnaires in total. Our survey uses structural questionnaire, which is based on
Becker’s health belief model. It contains basic information, perceived disease threats,barriers of perceived prevention behavior and cues to action to describe the health-related behaviors. The data are processed and analyzed with SPSS 18.0,including statistical methods like descriptive statistics, chi -square test and independent samples T-test. The results can show the educational attainment of age,
the amount of exercise time, and consciously disease threats and perceived barriers to preventive behaviors have reached a significant level. From the logistic regression analysis study factors influencing Pap smear, we can find age 40-49 is 0.95 times than age 30-39(95% CI=0.375~2.413), age 50-59 is 1.04 times than age 30-39(95% CI=0.414~2.632), and age 60-69 is 0.68times than age 30-39(95% CI=0251~1.851).
The education aspects are junior, senior high school is 2.38times than elementary school (95% CI=1.321~4.272)and up to a significant level, college or university is
1.05 times than elementary school (95% CI=0.575~1.930)and up to a significant level(P<0.05). The exercise time over 30 minutes is 1.18 times greater than exercise time in 30 minutes(95% CI=0.745~1.867).The higher the perceived threat of the disease is 1.98 times lower than the perceived threat of disease(95% CI=1.359~2.879),there was significant, which means that for more understanding of the more improved
Pap smear wishes. The higher the perceived barriers to preventive behavior is 0.65 times lower than the perceived barriers to preventive behaviors (95% CI = 0.559~0.753) and was significant (P <0.05), indicating that more obstacles for doing Pap test,then for the child to accept cervical smear examination will be reduced willingness.

並列關鍵字

pap smear screening ； cervical cancer ； health belief model

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