應用FMEA於氣動工具產品設計之研究-以衝擊扳手為例

Applying FMEA for the Product Development of Pneumatic Tools - With the Case of Impact Wrench

華強(Chiang Hua)

指導教授 ： 李朝金

朝陽科技大學/設計學院/工業設計系碩士班/碩士(2010年)

摘要

失效模式與效應分析( Failure Mode and Effects Analysis ，簡稱FMEA )是一種事先防範產品發生故障以免除其後續影響效應的分析方法，其進行方式是在新產品設計開發中，從產品的子系統至零件分析出潛在故障模式並作預防與改善，進而得到最佳化設計及可靠度高的產品。本研究以空氣動力工具之衝擊扳手( Impact Wrench )為例，應用FMEA之方法，針對產品的主要零組件，探討產品性能表現及可靠度提昇等兩大訴求；透過表單的分析，找出可能發生的失效現象及可能原因、評估其嚴重度、發生度及難檢度，再經過計算求得風險優先指數( RPN )，並依照RPN值的高低決定失效問題解決的優先順序及解決方案，並於解決方案實施之後，重新計算RPN值。研究結果發現FMEA應用於設計階段及量產製程階段之分析，確可有助於早期發現產品品質上之潛在問題，也可避免錯誤設計造成之產品開發時程延誤及成本浪費，分析之結果亦可在企業內部建立資料庫，以提供後續設計者的參考，進而達到提昇產品設計品質及可靠度之目的。

關鍵字

可靠度 ； 失效模式與效應分析( FMEA ) ； 衝擊扳手 ； 氣動工具

並列摘要

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis ( FMEA ) is an analysis for prevention of product failure and its effects afterward. It is carried out in the designing and developing of the new product. Failure mode is analysed from the product’s sub-system to its parts. Improvement and prevention can be done thereafter, so that we can achieve an optimized design and highly reliable product. The study is using the impact wrench of pneumatic tools as an example. FMEA is performed as to probe into two major appeals of the product’s main components, i.e. product performance and reliability. Through the analysing of forms, we can find out the potential failure phenomena and causes and to access its severity, frequency of occurrence and detection difficulty. The Risk Priority Number ( RPN ) is then obtained through the calculation. Then, prioritize failure problem solving and solution in accordance with the RPN. And, eventually recalculate its RPN. The conclusion of this study discovers that the frequency of product failure at the consumer or end-user can be minimised when FMEA is applied in the analysis of designing and mass production phases. Wasting of cost and product development delay resulting from design fault can also be avoided. And the results of the analysis can be established within the enterprise’s database that would provide reference for other designers, so that the goals of enhancing the quality of product design and reliability can be achieved.

並列關鍵字

Pneumatic tools ； Reliability ； Failure Mode and Effects Analysis ( FMEA ) ； Impact Wrench

參考文獻

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