自行車專用道安全性評估指標體系之研究

Safety Rating System for Bicycle Path

陳彥儒(Yen-Ju Chen)

指導教授 ： 張君如 ； 何友鋒

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/休閒事業管理系/碩士(2008年)

摘要

本研究主要目的是要建立自行車專用道的安全性評估指標，以及評估層級架構，並擬訂自行車專用道的安全性評估體系。可藉由該評估指標體系分析自行車專用道的安全性問題，並進行評估與檢討，以提升自行車專用道的品質，並提供未來自行車專用道規劃設計及改善的參考。

本研究經由文獻回顧，草擬出自行車專用道安全性評估系統項目，共47個評估項目。透過立意抽樣，請資深自行車騎乘者共6位，針對草擬的評估項目進行修正與建議。接著選取國內相關領域，涵蓋政府單位、學術界、民間機構、車隊長共15位專家作為受訪對象，並發放兩階段模糊德爾菲問卷及模糊層級分析問卷。之後，採用模糊德爾菲法來進行評估項目的篩選，提出可評估自行車專用道安全性評估指標，以作為第二階段模糊層級分析問卷之基礎。最後，透過模糊層級分析法，計算評估項目權重，進而確立自行車專用道安全性評估指標體系。

研究結果顯示，自行車專用道安全性評估指標的目標層為「自行車專用道安全性評估」，其評估項目有三個層級。第ㄧ層級包括「車道品質」、「車道周邊設施」兩項評估變項；第二層級包括「車道空間結構」、「行進動線」、「車道標示」、「車道夜間照明、反光設備」四項評估變項；第三層級包含「車道道路寬度」、「車道轉彎處內側迴轉半徑」、「車道坡度」等十五項評估項目。

由權重結果可知，各層級評估項目比較偏向與車道結構、行進動線相關之評估項目。由此可知，欲發揮自行車專用道安全功能，應著重於自行車專用道車道空間的維護、設置與行進動線劃設。

本研究建議，日後車道連續性的改善可朝改變道路寬度作考量，例如將自行車專用道寬度進行拓寬，或對交通量較小的汽機車道路寬度予以縮減，以減少受汽機車道路影響而間斷的量及長度，或是在其他車流量大的地區建設陸橋。在車道路面平整度上，建議將老舊或不適用的鋪面汰換或清除，換上價格更低、鋪面更平整且較不易產生細縫的透水性瀝青鋪面為宜。

關鍵字

自行車專用道 ； 評估指標 ； 模糊德爾菲法 ； 模糊層級分析法 ； 安全性

並列摘要

The purpose of this research was to set up the safety rating of bicycle path, to evaluate the hierarchy structure, and to draw out a system for the evaluation of bicycle path safety. With the rating system, safety of bicycle path was analyzed. At the same time, evaluation and review took place in order to improve the quality of bicycle path. Besides, the result was also to be used as the reference for the design and improvement of bicycle path in the future.

Through literature review, this research drafted out total of 47 evaluation criteria regarding the safety of bicycle path. By purposive sampling, 6 experienced cyclists were invited to revise and suggest on the drafted evaluation criteria. Then, 15 specialists from related fields in this county including governmental units, academia, civil organizations, and cycling team leaders were selected as the interview targets. Meanwhile, two-stage questionnaires of Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) were issued. Later on, FDM was adopted to filter the evaluation criteria as to bring up the safety rating for bicycle path safety evaluation which also further serves as the basis for the second stage FAHP questionnaire. Finally, through FAHP, weights of evaluation criteria were calculated and the safety rating system for bicycle path was finalized.

The results of this research showed that the objective level of safety rating system for bicycle path was “evaluation on bicycle path safety” which composed of three levels. The first level included two evaluation variables: “bicycle path quality” and “bicycle path surrounding facilities”. The second level included four evaluation variables: “bicycle path space structure”, “movement direction”, “bicycle path nighttime lighting and reflector facilities”. While the third level included fifteen evaluation criteria such as “width of bicycle path”, “turning corner inner u-turn radius”, “bicycle path gradient”, and others.

From the weights, evaluation criteria of each level were comparatively focused on the evaluation criteria of bicycle path structure and movement direction. This showed that in order to bring the safety function of bicycle path into full play, the maintenance, installation, and movement direction of bicycle path shall be emphasized.

This research suggested that the continual improvement of bicycle path in the future may concentrate on the consideration of changing the width of roads. For example, broaden bicycle path or reduce the width of automobile and motorcycle lanes in comparatively lower traffic flow areas as to reduce the interrupted quantity and length due to automobile and motorcycle lanes. Alternatively, build overpasses in areas with high traffic flow. In terms of the smoothness of bicycle path surface, this research suggested to replace or to eliminate the old or unsuitable pavements with permeable asphalt pavement which was lower in cost, smoother quality, and durable.

並列關鍵字

Bicycle Path ； Rating System ； FDM ； FAHP ； Safety

參考文獻

31.周金玉（2007）。綠色運具遊客識覺與行為之研究—以八里左岸自行車道為例。未出版碩士論文，臺灣大學理學院地理環境資源研究所，台北。

10.台中市政府交通局（2005）。台中市交通發展願景。都市交通季刊，第二十卷，第三期，75-88 頁。

30.林良泰（2005）。台中市交通發展之對策。都市交通季刊，第二十卷，第一期，63-73頁。

49.張馨文（2003b）。自行車騎士遊憩環境偏好差異之研究－以北海岸國家風景區為例。觀光研究學報，第11卷，第3期 ，259-274頁。

48.張馨文（2003a）。臺灣發展自行車觀光之研究。觀光研究學報，第九卷，第一期，115-120頁。