距離平衡之無線感測網路叢集演算法

Distance-Balanced Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

蔡禹鈞(Yu-Jun Cai)

指導教授 ： 施再繁

朝陽科技大學/資訊學院/資訊工程系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

叢集架構(cluster-based framework)的無線感測網路(Wireless Sensor Networks, WSNs)能有效節省網路的耗能並減少資料傳送時的碰撞情形，但目前叢集的研究方向均著重於挑選最佳能源的叢集頭(Cluster Head, CH)，而忽略了叢集頭的位置與距離，導致叢集頭在進行資料傳輸時消耗了大量的能源。故本論文提出一個能有效減少節點傳輸能源消耗的演算法稱為距離平衡之無線感測網路叢集演算法(Distance-Balanced Clustering Algorithm, DBCA)。在此演算法中，感測節點會計算自己與基地台(Base Station, BS)的距離，並以此距離做為競選叢集頭之考量，以確保基地台與叢集頭間、各叢集頭間的傳輸均保持著一定距離，藉由平均傳輸距離來避免叢集頭因傳輸距離不同而造成的不均等耗能。我們以電腦模擬來證明我們所提出之演算法的可行性及效能，並與其他的已被提出的演算法進行效能的比較，由實驗結果證明此演算法能有效的減少整個網路的耗能，進而延長網路的存活時間。

關鍵字

叢集式架構 ； 節約能源 ； 無線感測網路 ； 基地台 ； 叢集頭

並列摘要

The cluster-based framework can effectively reduce energy consumption and lower data transmission collision. Currently typical algorithms focus on how to select the best cluster head (CH), neglecting the position and distance of the CH. As a result, a lot of energy is consumed when the CH transmits data. For this reason, an algorithm called the DBCA (Distance-Balanced Clustering Algorithm) that can effectively reduce each node’s energy consumption is put forward in this paper. In this algorithm, a sensor node will calculate its distance from the base station (BS), and use this distance as a factor for selecting the CH to ensure an even distance between the BS and the CHs and between each CHs. The even transmission distance was used to avoid unequal energy consumption caused by different transmission distances between CHs. The simulation results showed the algorithm can effectively reduce the whole network’s energy consumption and extend the network’s lifetime.

並列關鍵字

Cluster Framework ； Energy Saving ； Base Station ； Wireless Sensor Networks ； Cluster Head

參考文獻

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