在都市化趨勢下,集合住宅已成為國人之居住型態主流,建築物本身常因使用者的實際需求與原規劃設計初衷不同而加以變動。其中『外牆』位處於建築物最外部的皮層性質,它的作用不僅僅只是分隔室內、外空間,並決定了建築的立面表情,也影響了人與建築物、外在環境三者的關係,具有「最需變動」之需求,卻也是「最難執行」之處。 有鑑於此,本研究計畫藉由「開放建築」理論中之「支架體與填充體分離系統」及「二階段營建」等觀念作為設計操作的理論基礎,研發設計一套住宅外牆營建系統,提供住屋(硬體)與使用者生活需求(軟體)間互動方式之一,以求整體開放式之構造系統發展可能性。本研究計畫操作過程主要分為三個階段: 第一階段:以收集相關文獻與實際案例資料為主,瞭解國內集合 住宅演進中外牆及構造系統演變。 第二階段:從開放建築理論切入,探討國內集合住宅整體外牆系 統區別為「支架體」與「填充體」等兩階段營建之可 能的變動情形與構造實務。 第三階段:將先前的設計成果加以應用與實務化(以市場上流通之 建材為例),建立一套外牆變動的構造系統並建立實務 建造規範。 本研究成果期盼建立一套適合外牆變動的構造系統,除能順應外在環境與使用者生活需求變動外,另藉由國內最大宗住宅構造(支架體)之「長壽化與構件(填充體)之高效化」而能達到永續與環保之成效。
Housing became the major residential form in the urbanization trend. Buildings often are changed by the residents by their requirements and demands. The wall of building is the outsides skin that is not only divide exterior and interior but also represents the facade of the building. In addition, it also influences the interrelationship between people,building and environment. Hence, the wall would be the part that is often required to change and also difficult to execute. According above, the conceptual framework for this study is based on the "Open building" theory. This theory divides the building two separation systems -"“Support” and “Infill ". In addition, the two separation systems can be constructed in two stages. The study purpose was to design a wall of building system theory to meet the user,s demand. Moreover, this study also developed a bridge to connect the “Open building” theory and structure application. This study design and processes would be divided into three stages: First stage:Collected the literatures and practical cases related to“Open Building” design to figure out the housing structural system and evolution. Second stage: Based on the Open Building theory to develop housing external walls dividing two main stages “Support” and “Infill”. Third stage:Applied the research results into practical construction. Furthermore,this study also built the norm and construction of external walls system in Taiwan. This study hopes to establish a suitable construction system of external walls. In addition, accommodate to the external environment and user,s demand. To extent the life and effect of building could promote the protection of environment and sustainable usefulness.