含垃圾焚化飛灰之UHPC水溝蓋與手孔蓋之研究

Study of Making the UHPC Manhole Cover and Ditch Cover with Incinerator Fly Ash

童文志(Wen-Chih Tung)

指導教授 ： 李明君

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/營建工程系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

近年來工商業經濟發展迅速，同時衍生出許多問題。一方面是鋼鐵需求量逐年上升使得鋼鐵售價不斷飆漲，造成使許多鐵製品被宵小覬覦偷走變賣，造成民眾因水溝蓋遭竊而受傷；另一方面為廢棄物處理的問題，預估每年平均會產生200萬噸的一般垃圾，但經焚化爐處理後仍有許多的焚化灰渣需要掩埋；所以本研究針對以上兩大問題，首先探討以超高性能混凝土添加垃圾焚化飛灰，來取代超高性能混凝土中之水泥或石英粉，並製作水溝蓋進行相關研究；其次是進行新型水溝蓋與手孔蓋之開發。試驗項目包括：燒失量試驗、基本力學性質試驗、UHPC水溝蓋之載重試驗、UHPC手孔蓋載重試驗、OM觀測及壓汞孔隙(MIP)試驗。
燒失量試驗結果在燒失量愈高，表示飛灰中的含碳量亦愈高，會導致拌和用水量也相對提高與降低化學添加劑之使用效益。力學試驗結果顯示抗壓與抗彎強度方面，在垃圾焚化飛灰替代10%石英粉或替代5%水泥時能有較佳的堆積效果。在UHPC水溝蓋載重中，可考慮使用#4的鋼網型式，添加鋼纖維1.5%即能達到較經濟與安全的產品。UHPC手孔蓋試驗結果顯示未能滿足電信技術規格中之手孔蓋靜載重強度試驗規定；由MIP試驗得知UHPC試體壓汞孔隙率小於1%，微結構相當緻密；藉著UHPC的緻密性，可有效抑止焚化飛灰之重金屬溶出。

關鍵字

水溝蓋 ； 焚化飛灰 ； 手孔蓋 ； 燒失量試驗 ； 壓汞孔隙試驗

並列摘要

Economy and industry rapid development in recent year, it simultaneously grows many questions. On the one hand, the steel and iron of demand has increased year by year, the price of steel and iron upwardly climbs. It causes the ditch cover made by cast ton to be stolen and jeopardize passersby and traffic safety. On the other hand, it is the question of waste processing. Two minion tons of garbage had been produced under evaluation every year. The waste incinerator processed the majority of garbage, but it still had much fly ash as landfill to bury after the waste incinerator processing. Therefore, this study was included in above two major problems. Firstly, fly ash from incinerator for part replacement of cement or quartz powder was used as ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) which might be manufacturing UHPC ditch cover. Secondly, the study was focus on the development of the new ditch cover and the manhole cover. The experimental items included loss on ignition, mechanical properties of UHPC, UHPC ditch cover with 8 ho1es loading test, UHPC manhole cover load testing, optics microscopy examination, Mercury Intrusion Penetration (MIP) test, and etc.
The results show that fly ash from incinerator in higher loss on ignition has a high water mixing demand and lower efficiency in use of chemical additives. The results showed that the compressive strength and flexural strength of UHPC with fly ash to replace 10% of quartz powder or substitute 5% of cement could have better effect of the accumulation. The results have also found out the UHPC ditch cover with # 4 wire mesh type and only adding 1.5% steel fiber could achieve a more economic and security product. However, the manhole cover loading test show that the static load strength of UHPC manhole cover could not reach the technical specifications in the telecommunications. The mercury intrusion penetration (MIP) test result also indicates that the porosity of UHPC was in less than 1%. Finally, the heavy metal of fly ash from incinerator might be controlled by the dense microstructure of UHPC.

並列關鍵字

loss on ignition test ； incinerator fly ash ； manhole cover ； mercury intrusion penetration test ； ditch cover

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