在政府的有限資源下,若能使民眾主動協助社區服務工作,並建立社區意識,進而願意持續提供更多的資源於志願服務上,為社區發展帶來另一種選擇的方式。為此,本研究從社區志工的參與動機與社區意識的角度,探討其對持續服務於志工組織機構之影響。 本研究以霧峰鄉社區志工為研究對象,總計共發放307份問卷,有效問卷共277份,回收率95.5%。研究結果發現,社區志工中女性居多,年齡層集中在41至45歲間,為已婚者較多,教育程度以高中(職)者為多,並認為自我的身體狀況還不錯,而以每月有10,001至30,000元的可支配金額居多,目前職業以家管為主,部分志工在退休前職業以軍公教為導向,且多為佛教徒;在參與行為中,較多社區志工至今服務過1個志工團體,且其參與時間介於2至5年之間,而在受訪的志工組織內服務約2至5年間,並且多數一星期中服務1天以內。此外,社區志工對其參與動機、社區意識及持續服務皆有中高程度的認同,其中在志工參與動機構面中以「利他服務」、「社會關係」及「自我成長」程度較高;社區意識構面中以「社區參與」程度較高;最後在志工持續服務構面中以「參與意願」程度較高。 經迴歸分析顯示,志工參與動機、社區意識對志工持續服務有顯著正向影響,表示志工參與動機及社區意識越高,則其持續服務的意願越高;而志工參與動機對社區意識亦有顯著正向影響。此外,在社區志工基本資料對其參與動機、社區意識及持續服務有部分顯著影響,其中社區志工的年齡對其參與動機有顯著影響;社區志工之性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、教育程度、目前職業、宗教信仰、至今參與過志工團體數目及時間、在受訪組織內服務的時間及一星期內參與服務的時間對其社區意識有顯著影響;社區志工之年齡、教育程度、至今參與過志工團體數目及時間和一星期內參與受訪志工組織的時間對其持續服務有顯著影響。 因此,本研究建議以口碑行銷方式建立社區志工招募機制,並強化社區志工機構組織特色及目標的明確性。且積極培育社區志工種子人才,規劃完善的志工教育訓練制度,及未來積極鼓勵男性加入社區志工行列,以使志願服務工作能夠永續的發展。
Under the limited resources, residents’ contribution to the community could be a new choice of community development. Therefore, this study tries to find out the influence of the community volunteer''s motivation and community consciousness on sustained service in the voluntary organizations. This study takes the residents in Wufong Township as an empirical case, and 277 out of 307 questionnaires, which a 95.5% retrieve rate, were collected. The results show that most of the volunteers are female, married, housewife and Buddhist, with age between 41-45 years old, high school level of education and average of monthly income between NT$10,001-30,000. Beside that, most of them think their self-physical condition weren''t bad, served in one voluntary organization, with time between 2-5 years and frequency to serve once a week. Also, the community volunteers’ motivation, community consciousness and sustained service were medium-high level. The regression analysis to show, motivation and community consciousness have positive significant effect on sustained service, and motivation also has positive significant effect on community consciousness. Furthermore, the community volunteers’ age has significant effects on motivation, community consciousness and sustained service. The community volunteers’ level of education, number organizations participated, serve time and frequency of serve has significant effects on community consciousness and sustained service. Finally, the community volunteers’ sex, marital status, occupation, religion has significant effects on community consciousness. Therefore, this study suggests that one could use word-of-mouth marketing to recruit community volunteers, and strengthens the voluntary organizations’ characteristic and target. Then, cultivate the talent of the community volunteers, plans the perfect volunteers’ education training, and encourage the male to join the community volunteers in the future.