分散與階層式無線感測網路定位演算法

Distributed and Hierarchical Positioning Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

張巍騰(Wei-Teng Chang)

指導教授 ： 施再繁

朝陽科技大學/資訊學院/資訊工程系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

在無線感測網路(Wireless Sensor Networks, WSNs)中發展位置感知系統是未來的趨勢也是一項具挑戰性的議題。由於感測網路在先天上的限制，我們提出一個以分散與階層式的定位演算法。此方法不受感測器在通訊距離上的限制，而且能降低感測網路在建構位置感知系統的成本。
在我們的演算法中利用數項定理和概念來完成分散與階層式的位置感知運算。這些方法包括利用根軸定理來估算Target node的位置、以標準差的概念來獲得較適當的測量距離、利用餘弦定理和笛卡爾座標系統來修正位置解的精確度。此方法經過大量的模擬實驗，其結果顯示我們所提出的演算法能夠有效地改善估算位置的精確度，以及在各階層中亦能得到預期的成果，另外也有效的降低位置感知系統的建構成本。

關鍵字

根軸定理 ； 無線定位演算法 ； 笛卡爾座標系統 ； 標準差 ； 無線感測網路

並列摘要

More and more research tends to focus on the very challenging topic of the development of the sensor nodes’ localization in wireless sensor networks. Subject to congenital limits of sensor networks, it is difficult to design an efficient and accurate location-aware system at the same time. We propose a localization method called “Distributed and Hierarchical Positioning Algorithm”. This method can not only overcome constraint in the communication distance of the sensor but also reduce the construction costs of the networks.
Several theorems and concepts are used in our algorithm to complete the computation of location for sensor nodes. Firstly, we apply the concept of standard deviation to obtain a more accurate measure distance. Secondly, the Target nodes make use of Radical Axis theorem to estimate their location. Finally, the accuracy of the estimated location is corrected by using the law of cosines and the Cartesian coordinate system.
The results of simulation show that our method can effectively improve the accuracy of the estimated location and also obtain better results of the localization of the sensor nodes in each layer. Moreover, it effectively reduces the network''s construction costs.

並列關鍵字

Wireless Positioning Algorithm ； Cartesian coordinate system ； Wireless Sensor Networks ； Radical Axis ； Standard Deviation

參考文獻

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