健身房男性會員運動行為、肌肉外顯滿意度與自尊關係之研究

The Relationships Among Exercise Behavior, Muscle Appearance Satisfaction and Self-esteem for Male Members in Fitness Gym

黃柏竣(PO-Chun Huang)

指導教授 ： 張君如 ； 李宜玲

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/休閒事業管理系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究以單一功能型健身房男性會員作為施測對象，探討運動行為、肌肉外顯滿意度及自尊之關係。採問卷調查，採立意抽樣台灣地區北、中、南部共五家健美委員會及健美、健力選手訓練中心之單一功能型健身房，共回收390份有效問卷。以SPSS17.0及Amos7.0統計軟體作為分析工具，分析方法以敘述性統計、因素分析、單因子變異數分析、迴歸分析。
　　研究結果顯示，健身房男性會員運動時間以「61到90分鐘」(45.4%)佔最多；運動次數則以「每週五次」(23.1%)佔最多；運動強度以「有點吃力」(32.3%)佔最多。在人口背景統計資料中，「婚姻」狀況對肌肉滿意具顯著影響，離婚或喪偶之男性會員在肌肉滿意程度較高於未婚者；「教育程度」方面則以國中(含)以下者在肌肉滿意之程度低於高中(職)、專科、研究所(含)以上及大學(學院)者。在人口背景統計資料中，不同年齡健身房男性會員在「運動行為」的程度是16-20歲族群運動行為程度高於46歲以上的中高齡者。而在不同居住地區影響運動行為上，顯示北部地區男性會員運動程度較南部地區男性會員高。至於不同職業及每月收入所得會影響男性會員的運動程度，但無法區分程度差異。
　　最後經迴歸分析結果顯示，健身房男性會員在運動行為程度越高則會負向影響「肌肉滿意」、正向影響「肌肉審視」；而肌肉外顯滿意度中兩構面「肌肉滿意」、「肌肉審視」會正向影響個體自尊。未來建議可朝女性族群或不同年齡者進行研究。

關鍵字

自尊 ； 運動行為 ； 肌肉外顯滿意度

並列摘要

The research took male members of single function type gym as the research subjects, and explored the relationship among exercise behavior, muscle appearance satisfaction, and self-esteem. The research adopted questionnaire and purposive sampling to investigate the single function type gyms of five body-building committees and body-building and powerlifting contestant training centers in North, Central, and South Taiwan, retrieved 390 copies of effective questionnaire, chose SPSS17.0 and Amos7.0 statistic software as the analysis tools, and took descriptive statistics, factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, and regression analysis as the analysis methods.
　　The research findings showed that most of the gym’s male members exercised 61~90 minutes (45.4%), most of them exercised 5 times a week (23.1%), and most of them took “somewhat hard” as the exercise intensity (32.3%). Among the population background statistic data, the status of “marriage” had significant influence on muscle satisfaction, and the divorced or widowed male members had higher muscle satisfaction than the single ones; at the aspect of “educational degree,” the ones whose educational degree was not higher than junior high school had less muscle satisfaction than those whose educational degree was (vocational) high school, junior college, college, graduate school or higher. Among the population background statistic data, the extent of “exercise behavior” of the gym’s male members of different age was: the exercise behavior extent of the group of 16~20 years old was higher than that of the group of older than 46 years old. As for the influence of living in diverse area on exercise behavior, the exercise extent of male members in North Taiwan area was higher than that of male members in South Taiwan area. Varied occupation and monthly income would affect male members’ exercise extent; however, the difference of extent could not be differentiated.
Finally through regression analysis, the research findings showed that the exercise behavior extent of the gym’s male member would influence “muscle satisfaction” negatively, and influence “muscle review” positively; the two dimensions of “muscle satisfaction” and “muscle review” of muscle appearance satisfaction would affect the individual’s self-esteem positively. 　　
　　The suggestion for the future researchers is to do the research aiming at female group or different age, or the interaction relationship among the gym’s male members.

並列關鍵字

Self-esteem ； Muscle appearance satisfaction ； Exercise behavior

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