小型低速風洞模擬大氣邊界層形成之研究-以朝陽科技大學風洞為例

A Study on Simulating the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Formation in Small Low Speed Wind Tunnel - Take Wind Tunnel in CYUT as an example

蔣昀祐(Yun-yu Chiang)

指導教授 ： 包匡

朝陽科技大學/設計學院/建築及都市設計研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本校建築系所屬的風洞實驗室，乃針對模擬都市環境及建築物周遭風場實驗所設置，期能於規劃設計時在都市風環境中對建築物配置提供參考及改善相關之研究為目標；在對都市設計、建築設計、綠建築、建築物理及設備、建築結構、災害防治等議題考量時配合設計模型置入於風洞中進行實驗，有助於學生了解模型設計規劃中對環境所產生的風場變化，協助學生能將實況納入設計中考量。
研究中以風洞中模擬大氣邊界層對應相似型態的建立為主，都市環境中的風場行為會受限於各種地況型態形成大氣邊界層的影響，如海岸、平原、城鎮及都市等地況型態皆會形成的不同的邊界層，故以本系之小型低速風洞進行模擬，在試驗段中形成以規劃設計中較常使用的地況型態，模擬實驗之結果能夠接近符合城鎮及都市的大氣邊界層理論之風速數值狀況。若實驗結果有偏離或部分偏離城鎮及都市的邊界層理論數值時，本研究以形成大氣邊界層之被動設施，進行逐次改變其尺寸及間隔，找出影響之變因及適當的尺寸間隔，以獲得符合大氣邊界層風速剖面為目標，作為適於進行都市環境風場的相關實驗研究。
研究主要目的是在建構本風洞之專屬都市及城鎮的大氣邊界層，以確立未來風洞實驗模擬實況之效能。為了提升學生課業有實例解說之瞭解及強化建教合作能力，故建立此研究成果提供參考。

關鍵字

環境風場 ； 風洞實驗 ； 大氣邊界層

並列摘要

Wind tunnel laboratory in Architecture Department of CYUT is arranged for simulating the wind field in urban environment and building surroundings for research and experiments. It is planned to offer reference for site and buildings location arrangement when under design and planning. To do the urban design, architectural design, green design, structure, disaster prevention, building physical condition and equipment design, wind tunnel experiment practice is important for students to understand the wind field changing in the environment by using model simulation. It is helpful to realize the actual situation in the environment to do the urban planning and building design.
Main in research is to establish the simulating atmospheric boundary layer in wind tunnel according to the different site conditions. The wind field will be affected by various site localities like seashore, plain, suburb, and urban type of terrain to form different shape of atmospheric boundary layer. Passive devices such as spires, barriers, and roughness elements were implemented in the tunnel for the simulations. We try to use different size of passive devices and spacing to generate our exclusive atmospheric boundary layer in our low speed, small size wind tunnel. These results will be judged to correct the drift or partly drift from the theory profile line of the atmospheric boundary layer by changing the size and spacing of passive devices. Finally, we will have a suitable atmospheric boundary layer which fit the theory profile line as the achievement. These wind profile will be suitable for the experiment and relevant researches.
The purposes of this research are trying to can build up our wind tunnel experiment simulation abilities effectiveness and efficiency in order to help students to understand the wind effects in the environment and promote cooperation of academic circle and the field. Also these will help us to construct the data base for offering references to other researches.

並列關鍵字

Wind field in the environment ； Wind tunnel experiment ； Atmospheric boundary layer

參考文獻

12.楊循生，2005，"從大氣邊界層內風速與風壓看隨高度之變化"，冷凍與空調，NO.31，pp.99-104。

13.鄭啟明，2009，"風力規範之標準地況分類與紊流邊界層特性研究"，建築學報68期增刊(技術專刊), pp.103-120。

7.邱瓊萱，2004，"通風管管頂型式對室內通風效益影響之研究"，國立成功大學建築研究所碩士論文。

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2.Counihan, J, 1973, “Simulation of an adiabatic urban boundary layer in a wind tunnel”, Atmospheric Environment, 7, pp.673-689.