是自虐還是志業? 衝突與幸福的國際志工之旅

Self-Abuse or Ambition？ The International Volunteers' Trips with Conflict and Happiness

陳佳慧(Chia-Hui Chen)

指導教授 ： 張佳榮 ； 李素箱

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/休閒事業管理系/碩士(2015年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討國際志工的衝突與幸福感歷程之研究，以12位國際志工為研究對象，採深度訪談法蒐集資料，以紮根理論進行資料的歸納與分析。研究發現國際志工的參與動機同時包含了利己與利他動機，且依其參與動機不同，所感受的衝突與幸福感亦有所不同。國際志工衝突來自於自我衝突、價值觀衝突、角色衝突、目標衝突與人際衝突，其中以自我衝突之無力感為最多數，其次為角色間衝突與人際衝突之關係衝突。衝突的因應策略中以迴避與妥協兩項被應用於人際衝突與角色衝突，而個人內在的價值觀衝突、自我衝突與趨避衝突則是以接受為因應策略。國際志工幸福感來自於需求滿足，與過去經驗的比較以及從參與服務歷程中的新體驗。其中需求的滿足則以尊嚴需求的滿足為最高，其次為愛與歸屬感的滿足。另外，本研究發現國際志工的服務歷程中衝突與幸福、自虐與志業並存，幸福感與衝突之間存在著正向的關係，因此，依據Heider平衡理論，國際志工、幸福感與衝突三者之間達正向平衡，也因此強化國際志工在充滿衝突的情況下依然能持續參與志願服務，並獲得幸福感。最後依研究結果提出相關建議以供未來國際志工參與志願服務以及志工組織對國際志工培訓歷程之參考。

關鍵字

幸福感 ； 衝突 ； 國際志工 ； 平衡理論

並列摘要

The aim of the current study was to explore the mental processes of conflicts and happiness of the international volunteers. The information was obtained through interviewing with twelve volunteers in depth and analyzed with the ground theory. The motivation of being a volunteer abroad came from the faiths of egoism and altruism. The extent of conflicts and happiness would differ according to the proportion of the two beliefs. The conflicts originated from ego conflicts, conflicts of values, role conflicts, goal conflicts and interpersonal conflicts. The frustrations in ego conflicts play the most important part. Inter-role conflicts and relationship part of interpersonal conflicts constituted the resting portions of the helplessness. The coping strategies of interpersonal conflicts and role conflicts included avoiding and compromising. Acceptance was used to cope with ego conflicts and approach-avoidance conflicts. The happiness of international volunteers emerged from satisfication of needs, differences from previous experiences and new things learned during the service. The gratification of self-esteem played the most important part in the satisfication of needs, followed by the fulfillment of love and belongingness. Besides, conflicts coexisted with happiness, Self-Abuse and Ambitions among the volunteers during their services. There was a positive relationship between happiness and conflicts. From the Heider balance theory, we concluded that there was a positive balance among international volunteers, happiness and conflicts, which enhanced the volition of keeping the volunteers on services in order the get the feelings of happiness in an environment filled with conflicts. Through this research, we hoped to provide some advices for the participation and programs of education for international volunteers in the future.

並列關鍵字

Balance Theory ； Happiness ； Conflict ； International Volunteer

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