以電腦模擬晝光環境下臺灣中部地區薄膜屋頂體育館能源解析之研究

Energy Simulation of the Membrane Structures Gymnasiums in Daylight Environment of Central Taiwan

沈威志(Wei-Chih Shen)

指導教授 ： 郭柏巖

朝陽科技大學/設計學院/建築及都市設計研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

體育館建築的平面寬廣，為了增加體育館內部空間的自然採光，使用薄膜構造做為體育館屋頂的比例越來越高。薄膜屋頂雖然具有透光特性、重量輕以及節省建築材料等優點，但是薄膜的隔熱性能普遍不佳，過於注重採光需求反而容易使得室內溫度攀升，造成空調用電量增加。因此亞熱帶地區的國家，如何正確應用薄膜屋頂於體育館此類大型空間建築上，是一項值得探討的議題。本研究以內含一座標準籃球場之體育館為模擬對象，運用晝光照明分析工具與動態能源解析軟體，試圖了解採用薄膜屋頂與一般屋頂（U值為1.0 [W/(m2．k)]）的體育館，在相同使用條件的情況下（營運時間8：00至18：00，位於台灣中部地區，北緯24度），全年屋頂晝光利用對照明及空調耗能的影響。經過分析後得到薄膜屋頂體育館全年照明與冷凍主機的總用電量為133,231 kWh，一般屋頂為173,345 kWh，兩者相差40,113 kWh的用電量。這是因為薄膜屋頂體育館比一般屋頂體育館大幅節省54,247 kWh（76%）的照明用電，雖然薄膜屋頂體育館全年的室內熱負荷量增加12.9%，在僅探討空調設備中的冷凍主機耗能前提下，全年薄膜屋頂體育館的冷凍主機耗能只比一般屋頂增加14,134 kWh的用電量，使得全年照明與冷凍主機的總用電量反而比一般屋頂體育館減少30.1%。因此體育館應依照使用特性選擇合適的屋頂構造作為未來建築的營造方式。

關鍵字

薄膜構造 ； 體育館 ； 晝光 ； 建築能源模擬

並列摘要

The plane of gymnasiums is deeper and more spacious. In order to increase natural lighting in the gymnasium, it has a high ratio to use membrane structure as a roof in a gymnasium in domestic. Even though the adventure of membrane roof is transparent, light and economizing on using the construction materials, the heat insulation performance of membrane material is generally not good. It will raise the indoor temperature easily if we focus on the demand for higher natural lighting. The power consumption of air conditioner will increase, too. Therefore, how to use membrane structure on the national gymnasiums in subtropics areas is an interesting topic for us to confer. This research includes a gymnasium which has a normal basketball court as a target to simulate. We use the tool of architectural energy simulation and illumination environmental numerical simulation to understand interrelations between power consumption of lighting and air conditioner in a year when the two different structures of a roof use in the same condition (operating hour is 8am to 6pm, located within the latitude of 24° N, of central Taiwan). After analyzing, we find out the gymnasium of membrane structure consume electricity for 133,231 kWh for whole year, but the ordinary gymnasiums consume electricity for 173,345 kWh. The total electricity consumption of these different structures is 40,113 kWh. When we use the gymnasium of membrane structure, it is saver 76% electricity for lighting than ordinary gymnasiums. Even though the thermal load of air conditioners is higher 12.9%, the total electricity consumption is lower 30.1% than the ordinary gymnasium. For this reason, we need to choose a suitable roof structure for different using properties for a gymnasium as a way to build in the future.

並列關鍵字

Energy Simulation ； Daylight ； Gymnasium ； Membrane Structure

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