醫療廢棄物減量措施之層級決策分析

Analytic hierarchy process for implementing the measures of medical waste reduction

蘇偉蓉(Wei- Rong Su)

指導教授 ： 白子易

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/環境工程與管理系在職專班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

摘 要

本研究主要探討醫療院所對於醫療廢棄物減量措施之看法，以建立醫療廢棄物減量措施的管理指標。本研究之問卷設計，是運用層級分析方法計算分析，並選定各大醫院之廢棄物管理專責人員、環保主管，採當面訪談方式，取得專責人員或環保主管心目中對於醫療廢棄物減量措施之的優先排序。本研究除了文獻分析，並與專家學者、各大醫院廢棄物管理專責人員、環保主管及國內環保機關相關人員面談，參酌其實務管理意見及看法，審慎整理出醫療廢棄物減量措施之4個構面：(1) 積極宣導與教育層面(2) 落實法規與管理層面(3) 加強執行與實際作為層面(4) 推廣政策與建立專案層面，再以「層級分析法」分析結果如下：1. 醫療廢棄物減量措施之四個構面中，以「加強執行與實際作為」最為重要，依序為「推廣政策與建立專案」、「積極宣導與教育」、「落實法規與管理」。2.在加強執行與實際作為方面最重要的指標為「訂定績效獎勵辦法」，依序為「擬訂廢棄物減量推動方案」、「建立健全的醫療廢棄物處理體系」、「訂定減量目標」。3.在積極宣導與教育方面最重要的指標為「加強醫護人員對醫療廢棄物的風險認知」，依序為「推動一般民眾對於醫療廢棄物分類的認知」、「定期舉辦員工教育訓練」、「辦理醫療廢棄物減量研習活動」。4.在落實法規與管理方面最重要的指標為「查核醫療廢棄物的管理方式」，依序為「推動醫療廢棄物自主管理」、「落實醫院相關規定」、「依據政府環保法規執行」。5.在推廣政策與建立專案方面最重要的指標為「落實醫療廢棄物分類」，依序為「加強醫院廢棄物分類標示」、「長官支持及重視」、「環保工作人員定期稽查」。本研究之結果可供各大醫院於實施醫療廢棄物減量措施之參考。

關鍵字

層級分析法 ； 減量措施 ； 醫療廢棄物

並列摘要

ABSTRACT
This study was focused on the measures taken for the reduction of hospital medical waste and how to establish measures to reduce medical waste.The AHP designed questionaire was used for face to face interviews with the waste management specialists of major hospitals. The priority rankings for medical waste reduction measures were designed with environmental directors and dedicated staff in mind.In addition to this study, hospital waste management specialists, Environmental protection authorities and relevant personnel of the domestic environmental protection agency, as well as other experts and scholars were interviewed about their views and opinions of their practice. Medical waste reduction measures have been carefully sorted into four main groups.
(1) Active advocacy and education level.
(2) Implementation of regulations and management levels.
(3) Strengthening the implementations on each level.
(4) Promoting policies and creating a project level.
The AHP results are as follows,
1. The most important terms of strengthening the practical implementation of medical waste reduction measures were the promote policies and create a project, positive propaganda and education and implement the regulations
and management of such projects.
2. Setting performance incentives to promote a waste reduction program, establishing a sound medical waste disposal system and setting reduction
targets.
3. In the active promotion and education,the most important indicator for the “Strengthening health care workers perceptions of medical waste risks” were to promote general public awareness of medical waste classifications regularly organize employee training and medical waste reduction learning
activities.
4. The most important indicators for the “Way of checking the management of medical waste” were to promote self-management of medical waste and implement the relevant provisions of the hospital, based on the
implementation of government environmental regulations.
5. The most important indicators in the promotion of policies and establishment were The classification of the medical waste implementation, the classification of hospital waste, Executive support and the attention of the
environmental protection inspection staff on a regular basis.
The results of thus study for implementing medical waste reductions measuresin Taiwan can be studied by all major hospitals round the world.

並列關鍵字

Analytic hierarchy process ； Reduction measures ； Medical waste

參考文獻

行政院環境保護署網站。

行政院衛生署網站。

7. Multicriteria evaluation of power plants impact on the living standard using the analytic hierarchy process(2008)

14. 遲正憲，「推動節能減碳的社會教育之層級分析」（2010）。

9. 王勝輝，「推動國民小學教師應用環境教育資訊網之層級分析—以南投縣為例」，碩士論文， 朝陽科技大學環境工程與管理系，台中 (2009)。