回收廢二次鋰電池有價金屬

Recovery of Valuable Metals from Spent Secondary Lithium-ion Battery

林佳良(Jia-Liang Lin)

指導教授 ： 王文裕

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/環境工程與管理系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

國內目前營運中的廢電池回收廠僅處理鋅錳電池與鹼錳電池，回收的鋰電池係採境外輸出處理。以往化學沉澱法應用在新型三元系鋰電池回收時，因鈷、鎳、錳三金屬共沉澱，導致回收金屬資源之純度與價值大減。因此本研究探討三元系廢二次鋰電池正極材料之最佳回收再生技術參數，各項回收程序之最佳參數項目，包括浸漬液種類、萃取液pH值、反萃液pH值、操作溫度、時間等。
本研究結果顯示：浸漬酸溶提取金屬時加入雙氧水，協同硫酸對金屬氧化物中金屬的溶出有很大的幫助，提高溫度可促進硫酸對金屬氧化物中金屬的溶出，最佳操作參數為正極材料浸入1 g：25ml之4.0N H2SO4，加熱50±5℃攪拌3hr，並每小時添加1%硫酸體積的雙氧水(35%)。
以D2EHPA萃取錳欲回收高純度物質需操作於低萃取率，而高萃取率則會造成低純度的回收物。經三次循環萃取反萃，錳萃取率由54%逐次提升至80%及94%，最佳的操作參數pH值為2.5。
以HEHEHP萃取鈷時，鎳可能同時被萃取出來，因此進行第一次萃取時pH值為4.5，第二次時pH值為3.5，經兩次循環萃取反萃，鈷萃取率由89%逐漸提升至96%。

關鍵字

鈷 ； 溶劑萃取 ； 廢二次鋰電池 ； 錳 ； 鎳

並列摘要

Waste battery recycling factories under operation in Taiwan only process Zn/MnO2 batteries and Alkali Mn batteries. The recycled Li batteries are exported to overseas regions for process. When the chemical deposition approach is applied in the new ternary Li battery recycling process, due to all the three metals of Ni, Co, Mn deposit, the purity and value of metal resource recycling are greatly reduced. This study determined the optimal recycling technical parameters and optimal parameter items of various recycling processes of the waste ternary secondary Li battery anode materials, including the types of impregnation liquid, extract PH value, back-extract pH value, operating temperature, and time.
The results showed that the method of adding hydrogen peroxide to assist vitriol at the time when extracting metal is helpful for metal leaching from metal oxide. The improvement of temperature can promote the functioning of vitriol to leach metal from metal oxide. The optimal operating parameter is to impregnate anode materials to 1 g: 25ml 4.0N H2SO4, heat up to 50±5℃, mix for 3hr, and add hydrogen peroxide (35%) which is equivalent to 1% vitriol volume per hour.
The operation for recycling high purity substance by extracting Mn by D2EHPA was performed in low extraction rate, because high extraction rate would result in recycling of low purity substance. After three times of circulated extraction and back extraction, the Mn extraction rate improved from 54% to 80% and 94%. The optiml operating parameter of pH value is 2.5.
When extracting Co by HEHEHP, the Ni was also extracted, so that the pH value for the first time of extraction was 4.5, and the value was 3.5 for the second time. After two times of circulated extraction and back extraction, the Co extraction rate improved from 89% to 96% gradually.

並列關鍵字

Co ； Solvent Extraction ； Waste Secondary Li Battery ； Mn ； Ni

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