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  • 學位論文

環保科技產業人力取得影響因素之研究

An Empirical Study on Factors Influencing Manpower Procurement in Env-tech Industry

指導教授 : 張鐵軍
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摘要


本研究主要以台灣中部地區環保科技業者之環保科技專業人員取得為主要研究目的,包括:招募管道、招募管道之成效、甄選、離職原因與留任作法等之探討,並先以深度訪談蒐集業者初步概況資料,繼之設計問卷,並針對台灣中部環保科技業進行問卷調查,共發出問卷120份,回收有效問卷52份(有效回收率為43.3%)。 研究結果發現: 1.最不易招募的環保科技人員:依序為廢水代操作人員、採樣業務員、環保技術人員、廢棄物處理等四類。推究其原因可能為這幾類工作都是較辛苦、工作環境較差,因此目前年輕就業族群的就業意願相對較低。 2.在招募管道上:依序為人力銀行(人力網站)、員工推或自薦、報紙、公司網頁等四類,為環保科技業者使用頻率最高的四種招募管道。其中在人力銀行上,以104人力銀行、1111人力銀行兩家最受業者的睛睞,至於報紙的刊登上則以中國時報與自由時報比率較高。 3.在人員的甄選上,業者採取的評估方式依序為面試、實際操作、專業科目的筆試,且多數業者在人員的甄選上,多數係由業主與高階主管(或直線主管)擔任甄選人員。在人員甄選時最重視的員工特質,依序為工作熱誠、專業、責任感、學歷等。 4.人員離職原因:依序為工作負荷過大、工作環境不佳、主管的管理方式、公司制度因素、經常超時工作(含加班)等。轉任其他工作的原因:依序為工作環境較好、有較佳升遷機會、待遇較佳、工作具穩定性(較有保障)、主管要求較合理等。有效的留任措施:依序為提供留任獎金制度(如任滿五年發給50-75萬)、增聘人員改善工作負荷、改善公司福利制度、改善工作環境、有效讓員工能正常休假等。 5.在招募管道上,建議能增加政府政府就業輔導機構與參加就業博覽會,前者屬政府提供的平台,後者可逐漸提升企業知名度,增加潛在應徵者的應徵機會,業者也可以藉此在平時建立人才庫,在有人員出缺時,即可增加應徵人選。 6.在人員離職原因上,建議環保科技業者在企業資源許可下,能適當投入工作環境、福利等的改善,以及增聘員工,以使員工能正常休假來增加其工作誘因。其次,在人員留任的措施上,是否嘗試提供留任獎金制度(如任滿五年發給50-75萬)等,以使初任工作的社會新鮮人,增加其留任的誘因,而公司在人員招募、甄選、訓練等的人事成本也可因此降低。

並列摘要


The main objectives of this thesis is to explore the recruitment and hiring issues within waste management industry, which include recruitment channel selection, effectiveness of selection channels, personnel selection process, reasons for job leave, and employee retention strategies. After an in-depth interview with employers, a questionnaire is designed and distributed to waste management firms in central Taiwan by mail. 120 copies are delivered in total, 52 valid copies are returned with a return rate of 43.3%. The results reveal that: 1. Wastewater technician, toxic sample collection engineer, waste management technician, and waste disposal technician are among the most difficult personnel to recruit. The reasons lie in the fact that these positions demand more strenuous activities, and require working in hazard conditions that discourage employment especially to young potential labor. 2. Regarding to recruitment channels: internet job sites, personal contact (referrals), newspaper, and corporate website are heavily utilized by the job candidate in this industry. Among the internet job sites, 104 Job Bank, and 1111 Job Bank attract the largest number of applicants. 3. Common personnel selection tools include on-site interviews, tests on practical operation ability, followed by vocational knowledge tests. Selection practices are most often administered by senior executives and owners of the firms. Job enthusiasm, vocational knowledge, sense of responsibility, and educational level are valued the most by employers. 4. Excessive workload, poor working condition, managerial approaches, corporate institutions, and working overtime are the dominating reasons for resignation. The better approaches to retain leaving employees will be the offering of retaining bonus, more hiring to attenuate the workload for existing employees, improving corporate benefit and working condition, reasonable holiday system. Employee retention can also bring benefit to firms themselves by reducing personnel cost. 5. To improve recruitment, we suggest that government can expand the employment service centers. In addition, Firms should be more aggressive on attending job fairs to increase their visibility, and enlarge their talent pools. By doing so, they will be able to find more candidates when needed.

參考文獻


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