手機之多軸向按鍵與搖桿之操作意象研究

THE USE IMAGE OF THE JOYSTICKS AND DIRECTION KEYPADS ON MOBILE PHONE

何玫玉(Mei-yu HO)

指導教授 ： 曹永慶

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

摘 要

本研究以手機多軸向按鍵及搖桿為例，透過實際的意象調查，分析手機之多軸向按鍵及搖桿之操作意象，及探討手機之多軸向按鍵及搖桿之操作意象與形態間之關係。研究分三階段進行：第一階段分為手機多軸向按鍵與搖桿之概要調查，以了解市售手機之現況，並擬定實驗調查之模式。第二階段分為手機之多軸向按鍵及搖桿之操作意象測試，及其與形態的探討。第三階段為手機之多軸向按鍵及搖桿之設計與其意象之驗證。具體研究成果歸納如下。
1.多軸向按鍵及搖桿之使用概念之比較：
（1）多軸向按鍵及搖桿大部分的使用情況下，都是執行選擇及確認的工作，只有在錄音及拍照模式之少數情況下，多軸向按鍵與搖桿才設有兩模式需要之相關功能。
（2）手機在拍照模式下，執行變焦放大功能時，搖桿往上撥的動作，其在“好按”的評價顯著優於按壓多軸向按鍵上面。在拍照模式下，執行快門功能時，按壓住搖桿中間，其在“容易”、“好按”及“順手”的評價顯著優於按壓多軸向按鍵中間。
（3）手機在拍照模式中執行變焦放大功能時，在多軸向按鍵部分，選擇按上方的最多，其次為右方，僅有少數人選擇按壓中間。而在搖桿部分，最多人選擇將搖桿往上撥，其次為按壓住搖桿中間，或往右。選擇“上”或“左”之情形，在兩種操作部件中均未出現。
2.多軸向按鍵及搖桿之操作意象結構：
手機多軸向按鍵與搖桿之操作意象由「順手地－拗手地」、「敏感地－遲鈍地」二因子所構成。
3.多軸向按鍵及搖桿之操作意象與造形特徵之對應關係：
整體而言，樣本造形特徵較為扁平化且操作區上下左右有符號，則予以人「順手地」、「遲鈍地」操作意象；反之，樣本造形特徵為較為立面體且操作區上下左右無符號，則予以人「拗手地」、「敏感地」的操作意象。樣本造形特徵較為平面且整體操作區形狀為方形的，則予以人「優雅地」操作意象；而樣本造形特徵較為立體且整體操作區形狀為圓滑的盾形，則予以人「遲鈍地」操作意象。
4.多軸向按鍵及搖桿之「想用」評價與操作意象之困果關係：
想用之綜合性態度，主要受「易懂地—難懂地」意象影響，即具有易懂意象之多軸向按鍵及搖桿較為消費者所想用。
5.具易懂操作意象之多軸向按鍵、搖桿之設計要素：
當多軸向按鍵之整體操作為造形特徵為一體幾何形且表面具一致變化及上下左右有符號時，會讓使用者有易懂之操作意象。而搖桿周圍部件有符號且造形為方形、整體操作區為凹面中凸起搖桿及搖桿為有凸點的球體時，會讓使用者有易懂的操作意象。
關鍵字：手機、多軸向按鍵、搖桿、操作意象

關鍵字

手機 ； 多軸向按鍵 ； 搖桿 ； 操作意象

並列摘要

Abstract
This research, taking the directional keypads and joysticks of mobile phones for instance, through practical investigation of image, is to analyze the usage image of the directional keypads and joysticks and to explore the relationship between that image and the shape. Research was divided into three stages: At the first stage, an overview survey on the directional keypads and joysticks of mobile phones to understand the current situation of the mobile phones in marketplace. At the second stage, the test of usage image for the directional keypads and joysticks of mobile phones while related to their shape. And at the third stage, we made the verification for design and image of the directional keypads and joysticks of mobile phones. The concrete results of research are summarized as follows.

1. Comparison of operating perception toward directional keypad and joystick:
（1） Most using situations of directional keypad and joystick are conducting “choosing” and “confirming”. Only in few situations of “recording” and “shooting”, directional keypad and joystick are equipped with the related functions needed by both modes.
（2） While “focusing with the mobile phone in shooting mode”, for the action of poking the joystick up, its evaluation scores in terms of “comfortable-press” are much better than those of pressing upper directional keypads. While “shuttering with the mobile phone in shooting mode”, for the action of pressing the center of joystick, its evaluation scores in terms of “easy”, “comfortable-press” and “smooth” are much better than those of pressing central directional keypad.
（3） While focusing to zoom out under the shooting mode, in the part of directional keypad, the most people chose to press upward, the second most chose rightward, the few chose center; while in the part of joystick, the most people chose to poke upward and the second most chose center or rightward. The choice for lower or leftward never showed in both operations.

(2) Usage image structure of directional keypad and joystick
By conducting Principal Component Analysis with the results from image test, we know that the usage image structure of directional keypad and joystick can be divided into2 components: The first is “smoothly-twistedly”; the second is “sensitively-insensitively”.

(3) Corresponding relationship between usage images and form characters of directional keypad and joystick
Generally speaking, if the form character is flat and its operational zone has notations on up-down-left-right, it brings people the usage images of “smoothly” and “insensitively”; on the contrary, if the form character is solid and its operational zone has no notations on up-down-left-right, it brings people the usage images of “twistedly” and “sensitively”. If the form character is surfaced and its operational zone is square, it brings people the usage image of “elegantly”; if the form character is solid and its operational zone is smoothly shield-shaped, it brings people the usage image of “insensitively”.

(4) Cause-effect relationship between “want-to-use” evaluation and usage image of directional keypad and joystick
The “want-to-use” evaluation is mainly influenced by image “understandably --- non-understandably”, that is, directional keypad and joystick with the image “understandably” will be wanted by consumers to use.

(5) Design of directional keypad and joystick of mobile phone which matches the usage image of “understandably”
When form character of overall operational zone of directional keypad is one-piece-made geometric form with uniform change and notation on up-down-left-right, it will bring people the usage image of “understandably”; When the components around joystick have notations in square form and its overall operational zone is with bulged joystick in concaved surface which is a sphere with convex on top, it will bring people the usage image of “understandably”.

Keywords: mobile phone , directional keypad, joystick, usage image

並列關鍵字

mobile phone ； direction keypads ； joysticks ； use image

參考文獻

1. Weiss,S.,2002,Handheld Usability, John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA.

8. Buur, J. & Windurn, J., 1994, MMI design- man machine interface, Copenhagen :Danish Design Centre.

參考文獻

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