大量客製化與敏捷製造作法對競爭以生產型態為干擾變數優勢的影響

THE EFFECTS OF MASS CUSTOMIZATION AND AGILE MANUFACTURING ON COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE－WITH PRODUCTION TYPES AS A MODERATOR

衛思郿(Szu-mei Wei)

指導教授 ： 葉焜煌

大同大學/經營設計學院/事業經營學系所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

隨著經濟的發展、所得水準提升，顧客的需求傾向於多樣化與個性化；廠商為了滿足顧客此多樣化與個性化的需求趨勢，除了必須保持產品的品質與多樣化的產品彈性之外，也需具備因應需求不確定之能力與彈性。大量客製化的目標正是企求以大量生產的成本滿足顧客多樣化的需求，期望以延緩差異化設計，在零組件端盡可能的標準化、共用化，在交貨端才進行差異化；而敏捷製造的目標在
於提升因應顧客需求不確定之能力與彈性。
本研究以大量客製化與敏捷製造為外生變數，探討其對企業競爭優勢的影響。此外，企業的生產型態會因顧客訂購分割點的不同而有所不同，可能對大量客製化與企業競爭優勢間，以及對敏捷製造與企業競爭優勢間的關係會有所影響。因此，本研究將生產型態作為干擾變數，探討大量客製化作法與敏捷製造作法對競爭優勢的關係是否會受到生產型態的影響。本研究以天下雜誌所公布的2007年台灣製造業排名1000大中，以電子、營建、化工、電機、汽車、電器、造紙、塑膠、鋼鐵等產業之廠商隨機抽取500家作為研究對象，採郵寄問卷進行資料的蒐集。實證資料採用SPSS 14.0 for Windows 及AMOS 6套裝軟體進行統計分析。研究結果顯示：大量客製化及敏捷製造作法對競爭優勢有正向影響；生
產類型對於大量客製化作法和敏捷製造作法對競爭優勢之間有干擾效果。

關鍵字

顧客訂單分割點 ； 競爭優勢 ； 敏捷製造 ； 大量客製化

並列摘要

Along with economic development and income growth, customer demands diversity is gradually increasing, and manufacturers must satisfy smaller lot but greater diversity in customer demands at low cost. Besides, firms possess capability flexibility in order to react to uncertainly need. The objectives of mass customization and agile manufacturing are to satisfy the need of customer’s variety, and to promote flexibility of uncertain customer need.
This study takes mass customization practices and agile manufacturing practices as exogenous variables, and investigates their effects on competitive advantage. It takes product types as a moderating variable, and exam the moderating effect on the relationship between mass customization, agile manufacturing, and competitive advantage. The research subjects were drawn at random from Taiwan 1000 leading manufacturing firms chosen by Common Wealth in 2007. Empirical data were analyzed using SPSS 14.0 for Windows and AMOS 6 software.
The results are: mass customization practices have positive impact on competitive advantage; agile manufacturing practices have positive impact on competitive advantage. Besides, product types as a moderate variable has positive impact on the relationship between mass customization practices and competitive advantage; product types also has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between agile manufacturing practices and competitive advantage.

並列關鍵字

competitive advantage ； agile manufacturing ； mass customization ； customer ordering decoupling point

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