考慮高風機佔比之澎湖離島電力系統調度準則與相關燃料成本研究

澎湖離島風力資源豐富，風場容量因數 (capacity factor) 高達45%以上，預計陸續會有更多風機加入此以柴油機為主之電力系統，然而由於風機輸出的不穩定性，當風機佔比較高時，將對系統電壓、頻率與供電可靠度造成影響，進而影響澎湖電力系統之電網規劃以及運轉，按目前既有調度準則，台電電研所分析風機佔比限制為26.3％，若欲善用風力資源增加風機佔比，則需增加柴油機組的上線數量，提供更多的備轉容量及機組承載能力以維持系統可靠度，且由於風力機組出力隨風速變動而改變的特性，不易接受機組排程調度，亦即，澎湖若要發展更多風力發電，需重新調整調度運轉準則，本研究分析澎湖現有的柴油發電機組與電力系統，澎湖至台灣海纜未興建情況下，找出最大風機佔比上限，並在最大風機佔比上限允許之風機皆投入的前提下，調整既有調度準則使澎湖發電運轉效益達到最高。由於澎湖地區的供電成本過高且長年皆處於虧損的狀態，主要的原因為柴油發電機的燃料成本過高，而增加風力機組的數量儘量讓風力機組多發電能減少柴油機組的燃料使用量，可降低澎湖地區的供電成本，因此本論文將同時討論在相同供電可靠度下之新舊調度準則，將有不同數量之風機及柴油機上線，在相同負載情況，計算比較相關機組I/O curve的燃油使用成本，檢視不同調度準則下，會有不同數目柴油機及風機上線，將評估其成本效益。

關鍵字

風力發電；佔比上限；燃料成本

並列摘要

In the plentiful wind resource on the Peng-Hu Island, the capacity factor of the wind farm is up to 47%. It is expected that in a near future, more wind generating units will soon be integrated into this power system where diesel generators are the main power sources. However it may affect power quality and reliability of Peng-Hu power system due to wind generation variability, and influence the planning and operation of Peng-Hu power system. According to the present dispatching criterion, the maximum allowed wind generation penetration level was 26.3%. So if Peng-Hu power system want more wind power integrated into power system, the diesel generators has to be more. Before constructing the submarine cable connecting between Peng-Hu Island and Taiwan, this research based on the existed diesel generators and power system scheme, modifying the present dispatching criterion to find the maximum allowed wind generation penetration level. The reason of the cost of power supply has very high for long time is the fuel of the diesel generators is very expensive, so more wind power in the system can reduce the generation of the diesel generators, also reduce the amount of the fuel used. Under the same power system reliability and load condtion, this research compare the present dispatching criterion and the new dispatching criterion, according to the I/O curve of diesel generators, calculating the cost of fuel use.

並列關鍵字

wind power ； the maximum allowed wind generation ； fuel cost

參考文獻

[1] R. Piwko, D. Osborn, R. Gramlich, G. Jordan, D. Hawkins, and K. Porter, “Wind energy delivery issues,” IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, Vol. 3, No. 6, pp. 47 –56, Nov.-Dec.2005.

[2] E. A. DeMeo, W. Grant, M. R. Milligan, and M. J. Schuerger, “Wind plant integration,” IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, Vol. 3, No. 6, pp. 38 –46, Nov.-Dec. 2005.

[7] M. Ahlstrom, L. Jones, R. Zavadil, and W. Grant, “The future of wind forecasting and utility operations,” IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, Vol. 3, No. 6, pp. 57 –64, Nov.-Dec. 2005.

[10] Wind power in power systems, Thomas Ackermann, Wiley, 2005.

[13] PSS/E User-Manual, SIEMENS PTI., 2004.

國際替代計量

考慮高風機佔比之澎湖離島電力系統調度準則與相關燃料成本研究

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