摘要
海頓是繼巴哈之後的第一位偉大的器樂作曲家，是古典主義音樂的傑出代表。被譽稱交響樂之父和弦樂四重奏之父。海頓第104號交響曲，完成於1795年，是海頓的倫敦交響曲系列中的最後一首，也就是第十二首。此曲在首演後即刻獲得成功的迴響。 為期研究結果能更為清晰與明確，本文研究範圍除了探討104號交響曲之外還探討交響曲的形成原因與古典初期之發展，以文字為主，譜例為輔，藉以提昇研究層次。 以下為本論文研究重點: 第一章 交響曲的演變與初期發展：探討交響曲的由來，樂曲的形式，初期的樂團編制，最後再探討它在古典初期的發展。 第二章 海頓的生平簡介：以海頓的學習歷程中，生長環境、指導老師對其在音樂創作上的影響，所建立出來的風格，並把他的生平簡單分成三個時期，少年時期、艾斯特哈薩堡時期、功成名就時期。 第三章 第104號交響曲曲式結構與分析：從動機、主題、和聲、曲式等各方面，依照各樂章之先後順序來研究本曲特色與整體架構，並以表格及譜例輔助說明。 第四章 第104號交響曲指揮詮釋: 以分析所得之結果加上筆者學習心得，提出對於此曲在指揮技巧與音樂詮釋上個人之論點。
並列摘要
Franz Joseph Haydn was an Austrian composer, one of the most prolific and prominent composers of the Classical period.He is often called the "Father of the Symphony" because of his important contributions to these forms.The Symphony No. 104 is Joseph Haydn's final symphony. It is the last of the twelve so-called London Symphonies.The work was composed by Haydn while he was living in London in 1795, The premiere was a success. In order to make the result of my research clearer, I focused on Haydn’s Symphony No.104, as Franz Joseph Haydn is known as the "Father of the Symphony", as well as the early development of symphony. To improve the quality of my report, the content is reinforced by music. Following for present paper research key: Chapter one: The evolution and early development of symphony:This chapter explores the origin and styles of symphony, the formation of orchestras in early history , the development of the orchestra,and how it evolved on early classical stage. Chapter two: Biography of Franz Joseph Haydn:In this chapter Franz Joseph Haydn’s life is divided into three stages: adolescent , Esterahaza period, and the period of glory .The factors such as growing environment and teachers that influenced Haydn’s works of music are explored. Chapter three: The analysis of Symphony No.104:In this chapter I used charts and music to analyze the structure and framework of Symphony No.104 from the perspectives of motives, topics, chorus and musical forms, according to the sequence of each chapter. Chapter four: The interpretation of conducting Symphony No.104: Analyzes the obtained result to add on the author what one has learned from study, proposes regarding this work in the direction skill and music annotation individual the argument.