探討急診病患及家屬對照護需求重要性及需求獲得滿足之認知情形

A study on the recognition of nursing needs importance and satisfaction between patients and families in the emergency room

陳惠琪(Hui-chi Chen)

指導教授 ： 鐘淑英

中臺科技大學/護理學院/護理研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6822/CTUST.2012.00080

摘要

當個體遭遇緊急疾患或突發事件被送至急診室時，須接受適當處置並滿足病患與家屬的照護需求。本研究目的在於探討急診病患及家屬對醫療照顧需求重要性及需求獲得滿足程度之認知情形。本研究採立意取樣之問卷調查法，使用「急診照護需求量表」為研究工具，分別由家屬及病患填寫，在中部某區域教學醫院進行研究，共收集300份的有效問卷，病患及家屬各150份，將所收集的資料以SPSS for Window 17.0軟體進行統計分析。研究結果顯示病患及家屬在認知需求重要性及需求獲得滿足程度上，皆無顯著差異。比較兩者需求之順序得知：(1)病患認知「支持重要性」佔第一位，其次為「溝通與訊息獲得重要性」、「參與照顧重要性」和「舒適重要性」;而家屬則為「溝通與訊息獲得重要性」佔第一位，其次為「參與照顧重要性」、「舒適重要性」和「支持重要性」。(2)病患認知「溝通與訊息獲得滿足程度」佔第一位，其次是「參與照顧獲得滿足程度」及「舒適獲得滿足程度」並列第二位，而「支持獲得滿足程度」則佔第三位;而家屬也認知「溝通與訊息獲得滿足程度」和「參與照顧獲得滿足程度」分別為第一、二位，其次是「支持獲得滿足程度」與「舒適獲得滿足程度」。另外，影響病患需求重要性和需求獲得滿足程度之人口變項主要為年齡、檢傷分級級數。急診病患之年齡越大者，其對於需求重要性及需求獲得滿足程度也越高;檢傷分級級數越高者，其對於需求重要性及需求獲得滿足程度越高。影響家屬需求重要性之人口變項中，與病患關係與各需求重要性呈顯著負相關，且與病患關係越小者其對於需求重要性的認知越高;而對於影響家屬需求獲得滿足程度之人口變項，與其相關性並不一致。建議日後急診的護理人員在照顧病患時，應多給予病患心理的支持以及增加溝通訊息的滿足度，家屬部分應多強調病情與治療的溝通與訊息的傳達。期望本研究成果能提供急診室護理人員更瞭解病患及家屬的照護需求，作為未來同仁執行急診照護工作時之參考依據。

關鍵字

照護需求 ； 需求重要性 ； 需求獲得滿足程度 ； 急診家屬 ； 急診病患

並列摘要

When the individuals suffer from urgent diseases or experience abrupt events, the proper medical attention is necessary to do as they are sent to the emergency room for supplying nursing needs to satisfy patients and families. The purpose of this research is planned to understand the recognition of needs importance and satisfaction for medical care among patients and families at emergency room. This study is to conduct a method of purposive sampling and use the questionnaire named as the Nursing Needs Inventory filled in by families and patients at emergency room of a regional teaching hospital in central Taiwan. The total effective questionnaire numbers were three hundreds. One hundred fifty questionnaires each were completed by patients and families. The data collected were analyzed by the SPSS for Window 17.0 Software. The results in the study showed that there is no significant difference between needs importance and satisfaction among patients and families. Comparing with the rank of needs of them, the results were presented as：(1)The 1st needs importance recognized from patients was the “support importance”. The next needs were respectively as ”importance of getting communication and information”, “importance of care attendance”, and “comfort importance”. And in the other aspect the 1st needs importance recognized from families was the ”importance of getting communication and information”. The next needs were respectively as “importance of care attendance”, “comfort importance”, and “support importance”. (2) The 1st needs satisfaction recognized from patients was the ”satisfaction of getting communication and information”. The 2nd needs were respectively as “satisfaction of care attendance”, and “comfort satisfaction”. The last needs was “support satisfaction”. And in the other aspect the 1st and 2nd needs satisfaction recognized from families also were respectively as the ”importance of getting communication and information” and “satisfaction of care attendance”. The next needs were respectively as “support satisfaction” and “comfort satisfaction”. Besides, age and the triage grade in the demographic variables of patients mainly influenced their needs importance and satisfaction. The older patients at the emergency room were, the higher they wanted needs importance and satisfaction. The higher the triage grades of patients at the emergency room were, the higher they wanted needs importance and satisfaction. The “relations with patients” in the demographic variables, mainly influenced needs importance of families, showed significant negative relations with each needs importance. And the more “relations with patients” of the family was, the less they recognized the needs importance. But, the correlations between demographic variables and needs satisfaction for the families were inconsistent. The expectation is that the results of this study can supply emergency room nurses to understand patients’ and families’ caring needs as a reference of doing emergency nursing in the future.

並列關鍵字

emergency families ； satisfaction ； caring needs ； needs importance ； emergency patients

參考文獻

曾雅涓（2007）。急診重症病人家屬與護理人員對家屬需求重要性及滿足程度認知之差異(碩士論文) 。取自台灣碩博士論文系統。(系統編號095NTU05563001)

林貴滿（1999）。台灣中部地區急診病患需求滿意度及影響因素探討。弘光學報，34，21-45。

林淑英（2002）。急診室病患照顧者與護理人員自覺需求重要性之比較與獲得程度分析(碩士論文) 。取自台灣碩博士論文系統。(系統編號090CGU00563014)

許郁卿、馬鳳歧、林麗君、劉麗芳（2009）。急診室病患家屬壓力感受及其因應策略之探討。護理暨健康照護研究， 5（3），201-210。

胡勝川（2002）。急診醫療之品質管理及電腦化。慈濟護理，1(3)，17-21。