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  • 學位論文

內科、兒科與婦產科醫師處方感冒解熱鎮痛藥及其影響因素之研究

Influential Factors of Analgesics Prescription for Common Cold by Physicians、Pediatricians and Obstetricians

指導教授 : 楊志良
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摘要


非類固醇抗炎藥與不具消炎作用的乙醯胺酚為醫師治療感冒常用的解熱鎮痛藥,本研究從社會觀點探討台灣臨床醫師的處方型態。首先引用內科、小兒科與婦產科的治療指引用藥建議,定義及分類解熱鎮痛藥合理處方類型;其次描述各專科醫師處方之差異,並對於影響整體醫師處方類型的相關條件因素進行分析;最後提出建議,作為評估臨床醫師處方的參考。 研究材料來源為國家衛生研究院全民健康保險學術研究資料庫2003年的抽樣資料,對象以主診斷為國際疾病分類標準(ICD-9)前三碼為460(感冒)、462 (急性咽炎)、463(急性扁桃腺炎) 或465(急性上呼吸道感染),且含有非類固醇抗炎藥或乙醯胺酚的藥物申報項目為收集選取條件,就醫科別包括一般內科、小兒科與婦產科,層級則限於醫學中心、區域醫院、地區醫院或基層診所,共計90074 例進行分析。 研究發現,整體醫師處方非類固醇抗炎藥類型比率平均為47.0%。各科別醫師相比較,以小兒科53.5%比率最高,內科40.3%次之,婦產科醫師 26.8%最低。 在可能影響醫師處方之相關因素方面,對整體醫師處方之羅吉斯迴歸分析發現,於控制其他研究變項後,患者年齡較輕(OR=1.43)、患者為男性(OR=1.04)、疼痛特性診斷碼(OR=1.61)、醫學中心或區域醫院(OR=1.25) 、私立醫院(OR=1.47)與高醫療市場競爭(OR=1.06),其使用非類固醇抗炎藥處方的可能性較高。 研究結果顯示,不同科別醫師對於感冒之解熱鎮痛藥處方類型有所差異,而醫療機構層級、醫療市場競爭等非生物醫學因素對整體臨床醫師處方類型具有影響力。對於合理處方而言,雖然不同藥理作用的藥物各有相對的優缺點,然而臨床醫師的處方類型確有集體表現的特性,支持涂爾幹社會學的"社會事實"現象。 在政策方面,研究者建議在評估醫師處方時,不應忽視社會因素的影響力。

並列摘要


We studied the usage of analgesics which including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) and acetaminophen for patients with common cold by the doctors in the outpatient department of societies including physicians, pediatrics and obstetrics in Taiwan. The data were based on the research database originally from the National Health Insurance Bureau of Taiwan. The study period began from January 1st, 2003 and ended on December 31th, 2003. During this twelfth-month period, there were 90074 patients who were prescribed for common cold with either NSAIDs or acetaminophen by the above societies of doctors. The rate of NSAIDs prescription was 47.0% on average of all. Pediatricians had prescribed the most NSAIDs(53.5%) among the societies, however, obstetricians had prescribed the least(26.8%). We found that the prescription patterns of analgesics for the common cold patients were different among the societies. The prescription pattern by all doctors was probably due to the factors such as the sex and age of the patients, hospital grade or the market of hospital competition in Taiwan. In addition, the diagnostic codes for disorders also played a significant role for prediction of the prescription pattern. These findings are supporting the fact that social conditions may be the influential factors for analgesics used in common cold by certain groups of doctors.

並列關鍵字

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參考文獻


楊志良:公共衛生新論。巨流,1990。
林昭庚:中西醫病名對照大辭典。國立中國醫藥研究所,2001。
謝幸燕(2005):藥商、醫院與醫師的處方決策:醫療制度與組織面之脈絡分析。台灣社會
and I.S. Harris(Eds.), The Washington manual of medical therapeutics
(pp.606-614). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

被引用紀錄


吳婕睿(2011)。幼兒呼吸道疾病西醫門診處方型態及不適當處方之研究〔碩士論文,長榮大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0015-0902201115570900

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