海外直接投資之最適政策

The Optimal Government Policy toward MNEs' Foreign Direct Investment

陳玉娟(Yu-Chuan Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳更生

亞洲大學/管理學院/國際企業學系碩士班/碩士(2006年)

摘要

隨著多國籍企業的跨國直接投資活動日益興盛，如今，中國是台灣海外投資的主要對象，尤電子電器製造業之投資額最多；因此，政府應該如何幫助台商在中國市場卡位、進行全球佈局，同時避免外溢效果產生？
本研究採用多階段賽局分析政府政策下多國籍企業（MNEs）的策略，研究工具則利用「Mathematica 5.1」程式設計軟體，處理本研究理論模型下Cournot產量競爭的繁雜數學運算，再根據該軟體精準的圖形分析MNEs策略和政府政策。
研究發現：母國（台灣）政府制定對於本國MNEs較有影響力的「管制政策」，而非獎勵政策。而MNEs可選擇「出口策略」或「海外直接投資（FDI）策略」；發生外溢效果時，地主國（中國）的廠商有機會取得專業技術，甚至以更低的成本進入市場、分食利潤。另外，當MNEs陷入囚犯困境，政府可實施「管制出口政策」協助之，便可迫使他們採取FDI策略，以達柏拉圖最適。

關鍵字

國外直接投資 ； 政府政策 ； 技術外溢 ； 賽局理論 ； 多國籍企業

並列摘要

MNEs’ foreign direct investments are being done daily. China has become an important place to produce IT and 3C products. Taiwan’s investments in China exceed 2/3 of all oversea, especial electronic apparatus manufacturing industry. Therefore, how can the government help Taiwan MNEs to carry on the global overall arrangement, to get a ticket into China, and prevent spillover effect?
This paper adopts the game theory to research MNEs’ strategy under government policy. And use a design program software “Mathematica 5.1” to deal with the model (ie. Cournot quantity competition). According to the function & figures to analyze government policy and MNEs’ strategy.
This research discovered: The government of home country, Taiwan, makes one powerful “control policy” toward MNEs’, but not a reward policy. When the government adopts “semi-control policy of FDI or export”, MNEs’ investment causes technology spillover effect. Giving those firms of host country, China, a chance to enter the market and share the profit. In addition, when MNEs fall into the prisoner dilemma between FDI and spillover. The government could implement a “control export policy” to force firms choose the FDI strategy, then reach Pareto optimality.

並列關鍵字

FDI ； government policy ； spillover ； game theory ； MNEs

參考文獻

財團法人國家政策研究基金會www.npf.org.tw

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