傳統術數文化對企業決策影響之研究

The Study on the Influence of Traditional Occult Culture on Enterprise Decision-making

陳澤真(Tse-Chen Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳文江 ； 陳朝鍵

亞洲大學/管理學院/經營管理學系碩士班/碩士(2008年)

摘要

決策是決策者的一種認知、行為方式，也是一種文化現象。由於文化的差異性，使決策者常常按照自己的文化傳統去認知、決斷與行動。換言之，決策者的深層動機和他的文化背景、價值系統、宗教信仰、教育環境、風俗習慣等都有關係。在台灣地區的民眾與企業普遍有搬家看日子，剖腹生產選吉時，新蓋廠房擇吉日，找辦公室地點看風水，招募員工看面相，甚至公司遇到經營困難時，找命理大師指點迷津，已經是個很普遍的現象。因此，從事傳統術數與企業經營相關問題之研究有其學術性與必要性。 本研究以Ajzen所提出的 計劃行為理論（Theory of Planned Behavior，TPB）為架構來探討企業界之風水命理等術數行為。在原有「行為態度」、「主觀規範」、和「知覺行為控制」等三個影響實際行為的變項之外，另加「文化規範」為第四變項，以了解傳統文化對於術數行為活動的影響力為何。本研究採問卷調查方式進行實證研究，以台東地區中小企業主為主，總共發出1474 份問卷，其中無效問卷為16份，實際回收有效問卷為573份問卷，有效回收率38.9％。 問卷回收後，以 SPSS 12.0及AMOS7.0 為主要的分析工具，進行問卷的整理分析及相關的假設驗證工作。研究結果顯示，本研究模式在整體模式適配度方面，χ2／df=2.969；GFI=0.86；AGFI=0.72；RMSEA=0.049；從絕對適配度檢驗結果可以發現，本研究建構的模式與觀察資料是適配的。NFI=0.83；N NFI=0.84；CFI=0.91；IFI=0.92；RFI=0.82；這些結果顯示本研究建構的模式與觀察資料的整體配適度相當理想。因此，以解構式計劃行為理論為依據，所建構的「企業主術數行為模式」可以用來解釋與預測企業主術數行為。受訪企業主的術數「實際行為」，主要受到「行為意向」的直接影響，其顯著的直接效果為 0.78。「實際行為」受到「行為態度」、「文化規範」、「主觀規範」、「知覺行為控制」等的間接影響，其顯著間接效果分別0.60 , 0.56 , 0.49 , 0.47。顯示「行為意向」仍是影響企業主術數行為的最重要因素，符合Ajzen（1985）所提出之計劃行為理論之架構。同時也顯示傳統文化中的命運觀念對於影響企業主的術數行為，有著舉足輕重的作用。

關鍵字

傳統術數文化 ； 企業決策

並列摘要

Decision-making is a cognitive decision-makers, behavior, but also a cultural phenomenon. Because of cultural differences, so that decision-makers often in accordance with their own cultural traditions to knowledge, judgement and action. In other words, the underlying motives and decision-makers of his cultural background, value systems, religious belief, education environment, customs and habits, and so have relations. In Taiwan people and enterprises generally have removal of home to select lucky day, build factory building select lucky day, to find office locations to see feng shui, the recruitment of staff to see the person's outer appearance, even when the company encountered operating difficulties, to ask a fortune teller , Is already a very common phenomenon. Thus, the occult behavior of traditional and business-related problems with their academic studies and necessity.
In this study, Ajzen by the theory of planned behavior (Theory of Planned Behavior, TPB) as the framework of the future of the business community, such as feng shui occult behavior . And the original " attitude towards the behavior " and "subjective norms" and " perceived behavioral control", and so the actual impact of the three variables, plus a "cultural norms" for the fourth variable, to learn the traditional culture of a few Conduct activities that influence. This study used a questionnaire survey conducted empirical studies to Taitung in the main SMEs, a total of 1,474 questionnaires were issued, of which the questionnaire is invalid questionnaire to 16, the actual recovery of valid questionnaires to 573 questionnaires were distributed, effective recovery rate of 38.9 percent.
After the recovery of the questionnaire to SPSS 12.0 and AMOS7.0 as the main analytical tool, the questionnaire and analyzed and verified the assumption that the relevant work. The results showed that this study model fit in the model-fit evaluation, χ2 / df = 2.969; GFI = 0.86; AGFI = 0.72; RMSEA = 0.049; absolute adaptation of the test results can be found, this study and observation of the model building The information is fit. NFI = 0.83; N NFI = 0.84; CFI = 0.91; IFI = 0.92; RFI = 0.82; These results indicate that the mode of construction of this study and observation of the overall information with a modest ideal. Therefore, to plan acts of deconstruction theory as the basis, the construction of the "business owner of occult behavior mode " can be used to explain and forecast the occult behavior of business owners. Business owners surveyed the occult of "real acts", mainly by the "act of intention" of directly affected, the significant direct effect of 0.78. "Real acts" by " attitude towards the behavior ", "cultural norms" and "subjective norms," and " perceived behavioral control " and the indirect effects, the indirect effects were significant 0.60,0.56,0.49,0.47. Show " behavior intention " is still affected business owners in several of the most important factor, with Ajzen (1985) of the plan proposed by the theory of the structure. At the same time also showed that the fate of traditional culture in the concept of business owners occult behavior, has a pivotal role.

並列關鍵字

traditional occult culture ； corporate decision-making

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