我國職能治療人員分布趨勢及其影響因素之探討

Distributional Trend of Occupational Therapists and Its Determinants

范辰蔚(Chen-Wei Fun)

指導教授 ： 楊志良

亞洲大學/健康學院/健康管理研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

由於人口結構的轉型及醫療科技的進步，使得老年人口及失能比例逐年增加，另一方面，早產兒的數量及存活率皆不斷上升，面對逐漸增加的醫療需求，需透過職能治療的導引活動及適時適切的服務，來治療或協助生理、心理與社會功能上有障礙的病人，使其能獲得最大的獨立性生活，同時得以預防畸型、失能、維持健康。目的：瞭解我國職能治療人員的地理分布趨勢及其相關影響因素。方法：本研究以縣市為單位，從環境面的影響因素來探討職能治療人員選擇執業地點是否有所差異；職能治療人力資料係來自衛生署醫事人員資料庫、醫療機構及病床數資料來自衛生統計網、人口資料的來源為臺閩地區人口統計、收入資料的來源為台灣地區家庭收支調查、醫師資料的來源為醫師公會全國聯合會之統計資料。結果：研究初步發現，從業人員以女性居多；執業場所還是以醫療機構為主；人力的數量呈一穩定的比例增加，其中職能治療生所佔的比例更是逐年提高。每萬人口的職能治療人員從1998年的1.64位增加至2007年的8.54位；在地理分布的趨勢上，各縣市間的職能治療人力資源的差距，呈現逐年減少的趨勢。在影響職能治療人員執業的因素中，醫療環境因素的影響最大，經濟發展因素的影響次之。結論與建議：目前我國職能治療人員大多集中在醫療機構，其他單位如：發展中心、學校體系、職訓單位、安養機構或社區等人力過少，面對長照保險開辦在即與職能治療需求日益增加，目前的分布是否能滿足民眾的需求，值得有關單位多加注意，以滿足及提供民眾對於職能治療服務的需求。

關鍵字

職能治療 ； 地理分布

並列摘要

Due to fast aging population and the advances in medical technologies, the proportion of elderly and those are disabled are increasing. On the other hand, the number of premature infants is rising. To face the increasing demands for medical services, occupational therapy is one kind of them, is to treat or assist those with physical, psychological or social disabled to improve their capability for independent living.
Objectives.　The study was focused on exploring the distribution of occupational therapists in Taiwan and its determinants.
Designs. According to this study, cities/counties were used as units. Exploration was made to determine what are factors affecting the distribution of those occupational therapists. Data on occupational therapists manpower were obtained from the Health Manpower Masterfile of Department of Health. Data on health care facilities and their bed numbers were from the website of statistics of Department of Health. Data on population were from the Taiwan-Fukien Demographic Fact Book. Data on income derived from the Directorate-General of Budget Accounting and Statistics. Data on doctors was from the Taiwan Medical Association.。
Results. The study found that females were the great majority of the occupational therapists, and medical facilities were the main workplace. The occupational therapists manpower was with a steady increasing from 1998 to 2007. The density of occupational therapists had increased from 1.64 to 8.54 per one hundred-thousand people in the period from 1998 to 2007. However, the gap of the manpower density among geographical areas (cities/counties) has been decreased every year. Among factors influencing the distribution occupational therapy personnel, environmental factors are the most important and the economic factors followed.
Conclusion and Suggest. Most of the occupational therapists in Taiwan were concentrated in the medical facilities. For other facilities such as: child development centers, schools, vocational training units, nursing homes and communities centers were lacked of manpower. Facing the oncoming long-term care insurance which will be implemented in year 2011, an increase in demand for occupational therapists is expected. It is worth to pay more attention to the supply and demand of occupational therapists.

並列關鍵字

Occupation therapist ； geographic distribution

參考文獻

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